4 6 



APES AND MONKEYS. 



beginning to enjoy his plunder, or, if discovered, he would escape with it ; and his 

 whole behaviour made it clear that he was conscious of transgressing into forbidden 

 paths. He took a special, and what might be called a childish, pleasure in making 

 a noise by beating on hollow articles, and seldom missed an opportunity of drum- 

 ming on casks, dishes, or tin trays, whenever he passed by them." Strange noises, 

 more especially thunder, alarmed him much. 



This gorilla arrived safely at Berlin, where it was for a considerable period an 

 inmate of the Aquarium. There it throve at first, and was docile, though inclined 

 to be mischievous. Eventually, however, it succumbed to the malady which sooner 

 or later carries off all the large Man-like Apes in our climate, dying of a rapid con- 

 sumption in the autumn of 1877, after having lived for fifteen months in Berlin. 



By the intervention of Messrs. Pechuel-Loesche and Falkenstein, a second 

 living gorilla was obtained from the Loango district, and safely transported to 

 Berlin, where it arrived in the early part of 1883. The journey during the winter 

 appears, however, to have left its mark on the constitution of this animal, and after 

 living for fourteen months in the Aquarium it died of the same disease as its 

 predecessor in the spring of 1884. Dr. Hartmann states that there was a third 

 live gorilla at Berlin in the autumn of 1881, which died soon after its arrival. 

 There was also a young gorilla a few years ago in the London Zoological Gardens, 

 which only lived a few months. 



These appear to have been the only living gorillas which have been exhibited 

 as such in Europe. Curiously enough, however, as far back as the year 1860, a 

 travelling showman in England actually had a veritable living gorilla in his 

 exhibition, which he considered to be a chimpanzee, no one suspecting till long 

 after the creature's death the treasure he had possessed. 



THE ORANG-UTAN. 

 Genus Simia. 



Partly from the reddish hue of its hair, and partly from the conformation of 

 its face and skull, as well as from the much greater proportionate length of its 

 arms, the great man-like ape of Borneo and Sumatra is a very different looking 

 creature to either the chimpanzee or the gorilla. Owing, however, to the 

 circumstance that our figures of these animals generally take the form of woodcuts, 

 the marked contrast between the coloration of the orang (Simia satyrus), and that 

 of its African cousins is unfortunately not presented to our view. 



The name Orang-Utan (generally shortened in works on zoology to Orang) is 

 a Malay word, signifying Man-of -the- Woods ; and the ape so designated was known 

 to Linnaeus, at least as far back as the year 1766. It was not, however, till a 

 considerably later date that it became fully known in Europe. It is true, indeed, 

 that in 1780 Baron Wurmb, then the governor of the Dutch settlement of Bat a via, 

 transmitted to Holland the entire skeleton of an orang ; but he did not recognise 

 it as such, calling the animal to which it belonged the Pongo a name which, as 

 we have seen, belongs to the gorilla. In 1804 an orang was, however, living in the 



