LANGURS. 8 1 



the backward direction of the crown of the head, is distinguished by the possession 

 of a distinct crest of longer hairs on the occiput, arranged in a pointed form. 



The adult of this langur is of comparatively small size, the length of the head 

 and body measuring 21 inches, and that of the tail 32. Usually the general 

 colour of the head, body, and limbs is dark ashy -grey, but it may vary to 

 blackish-brown. The under parts and tail are generally lighter, but the hands 

 and feet are black. The crest 011 the back of the head is always distinctly lighter 

 than that of the rest of the crown, and may be almost white. The young are of a 

 bright golden ferruginous colour. According to Mr. Blanford this species is known 

 to the Malays as Lutong itam, a title which appears properly to belong to the 

 black variety of the negro monkey. 



Closely allied to this species is Phayre's leaf -monkey (8. phayrei), distinguished 

 by the crest of hair being placed on the crown of the head instead of on the occiput ; 

 and by this same crest being compressed and longitudinal, instead of pointed; 

 while the colour of the body is dark grey above, and whitish underneath. Phayre's 

 leaf -monkey inhabits Arakan, part of Pegu, and Northern Tenasserim. 



Writing of this species, Mr. Blanford states that it " is found in dense, high 

 forests, or amongst bamboos on the hill-sides and on the banks of streams, usually 

 in flocks of twenty or thirty individuals. It is very shy and wary, and is con- 

 sequently more often heard than seen ; the whole flock when alarmed rushing 

 through the forest, shaking the branches violently, and leaping from tree to tree. 

 But occasionally, as Tickell observes, an old male stays behind in a safe post of 

 vantage on the top of one of the highest trees, where he may be heard uttering his 

 short, deep alarm-cry at frequent intervals. This cry is an angry bark, not unlike 

 that of the hanuman. I was once well scolded from a tree by an old monkey, I 

 believe of this species, on the edge of a half -deserted clearing in Southern Arakan, 

 I had done nothing to offend his monkeyship, but he evidently considered me as 

 something unusual and suspicious. Blyth observes that the young, besides making 

 a whining noise to express their wants, emit a cry that might be mistaken for the 

 mew of a cat." 



HOSE'S LANGUR (Semnopithecus hosei). 



This very handsome and peculiarly-coloured langur from Borneo belongs to the 

 group in which the hair of the crown extends evenly backwards. It is about the 

 same size as the dusky leaf -monkey. The crown has a longitudinal crest, starting 

 about half an inch behind the centre of the forehead. The general colour of the body 

 is a hoary grey, caused by the mixture of black and white hairs. The crest, as well as 

 the centre of the crown of the head, the nape of the neck, and the eyebrows, are of 

 a deep glossy black ; and the hands and feet are of the same jetty hue. In marked 

 contrast to these sombre tints is the brilliant white of the forehead, temples, sides of 

 the head and neck, and chin. This white is continued down the throat and chest 

 to the under surface of the body, and the inner sides of the upper parts of the limbs. 



This exceedingly handsome species differs from all the langurs yet mentioned, 

 in the marked contrast presented by its black crest to the brilliant white of the 

 temples and cheeks. A specimen was obtained by Mr. John Whitehead on Kina 

 Balu, the great mountain of Borneo, at an elevation of some four thousand feet 



VOL. i. 6 



