OXEN. 



171 



Continental On the continent there are likewise numerous breeds of cattle, 



Breeds. fort O nly a few of these can be even mentioned. One of the most 

 esteemed is the Friburg breed, of which a bull is represented in the illustration 

 on p. 169. This breed seems to be allied to the English shorthorns, but has a 

 longer body and neck. The horns are short but sharp, and the colour is a mixture 

 of black or reddish brown with white. These cattle are largely bred in Switzer- 

 land, and are considered to be the parent stock from which several other breeds 

 have originated. The Dutch breed, as represented by the cow figured in the 

 accompanying woodcut, was originally a native of the lowlands of Holland, but 

 has now spread over a large part of Germany. Fitzinger regards the Dutch cattle 



DUTCH cow (-fa nat. size). 



as the direct descendants of the aurochs, and they seem to approximate to the 

 Ayrshire breed. They are of large size, with long necks and pointed muzzles, and 

 moderate-sized horns, directed forwards and inwards. The usual colour is black 

 upon a white or greyish white ground, but the dark markings may be brown or 

 reddish. 



Very different from all others are the large Hungarian cattle, characterised by 

 their uniform pale fawn colour, their enormous, slender, outspreading horns, and 

 their free light step. The horns may measure as much as 5 feet from tip to tip, 

 and are black at the extremities, but greyish throughout the rest of their length. 

 This breed ranges through Hungary into Turkey and Western Asia. The Podolian 

 cattle constitute another well-marked breed characterised by the great relative 

 height of the fore-quarters. 



