422 



UNGULATES. 



bone, while in the fore-limb at least the lateral toes are likewise furnished with 

 complete metacarpals, as shown in the accompanying figure. In these respects the 

 pigs are, however, approached by the water-chevrotain (p. 401) ; and they also 

 resemble all the chevrotaiiis in having a conical process on 

 the front of the second vertebra of the neck for articulation 

 with the first of that series. 



All members of the pig-like group technically known 

 as the Suina have front or incisor teeth in their upper 

 jaws, and their lower tusks are quite unlike, and distinct from 

 the incisors. Further, in correlation with the absence of 

 the power of rumination, the stomachs of these animals are 

 always less complex than those of the Ruminants, and they 

 may be perfectly simple, and comprise only a single chamber. 

 It is, perhaps, well to add that pig-like animals existed at a 

 date when Ruminants were unknown, as, indeed, must neces- 

 sarily have been the case if the one group be the ancestor of 

 the other. 



With these introductory remarks as to the character- 

 LEFT istics of the members of the group, and their relationship 



PIG. (From Dawkins.) 



! BONES OF THE 



through extinct forms with the Ruminants, we may proceed 

 to the consideration of the existing pig -like Ungulates, 



which are divided into the three families of the Pigs, the Peccaries, and the 



Hippopotami. 



THE PIGS. 



Family 



The pigs, or swine, of which there are three existing generic types, are such 

 well-known animals that but little description is necessary. They are, however, 



SKULL OF THE BEARDED PIG. (From Nehring.) 



distinguished from the other members of the group to which they belong by the 

 following assemblage of characters. The head and skull are greatly elongated, 

 and the muzzle terminates in an abruptly-truncated mobile snout, with a disc-like 



