244 POUCHED MAMMALS. 



instance on record of one swimming across an arm of the sea two miles in width, 

 half of the distance being against a strong wind and current. 



The writer just quoted states that the principal food of kangaroos " appears to 

 be the tender sprouts of small shrubs and heather, quite as much as grass ; but 

 there is a small kind of spike-grass, brown on the under-side, called the kangaroo- 

 grass, to which they are very partial. They will also come at night into the small 

 bush-enclosures, and nibble off the young blades of wheat, oats, etc." When 

 feeding off the ground, they do not always use the fore-paws as a support, but 

 often merely crouch down. Occasionally they may be seen in the upright position, 

 browsing from trees. As regards breeding-habits, it appears that in the great grey 

 kangaroo the pairing-season is either in January or February, although there is 

 some irregularity in this respect. Only a single young is produced at a birth, after 

 an exceedingly short period of gestation ; and when first transferred to the pouch 

 of its mother, the length of the offspring is scarcely more than an inch. When the 

 young kangaroo is sufficiently developed to move freely by itself, it becomes 

 detached from the teat to which it at first adhered ; but it remains chiefly in the 

 pouch till able to run by the side of its parent. " Even then, when danger is near, 

 it tumbles head-over-heels into the pouch for protection ; and it is wonderful how 

 quickly the old doe can pick up the 'joey' when running at full speed, and shove 

 it into the pouch, its pretty little face always outside. There she carries it till 

 hard pressed, when the love of life overcomes the love of the mother, and she then 

 casts it away to save herself." The "joeys" become strong runners; and by 

 Christmas, leave their parents and learn to shift for themselves. 



The half-dozen medium-sized species collectively known as rock- 

 Rock-Wallabies. .... . . r . . 



wallabies, one or which is represented in the accompanying illustra- 

 tion have the extremity of the muzzle completely naked, and differ from the true 

 wallabies by the shortness of the claw of the fourth hind-toe, and also by the long 

 cylindrical tail being thinner and more or less distinctly tufted at its extremity. 

 None of them have any trace of a tusk in the upper jaw. The yellow-footed 

 rock-wallaby (Petrogale xanthopus) that given in our figure is the largest 

 species, and is distinguished from the rest by its brilliant coloration, more 

 especially the alternate brown and pale yellow rings on the tail. The general 

 colour of the long and silky fur is grey on the back, with a well-defined black 

 streak running from between the long ears to the middle of the trunk. The 

 cheeks are marked by an oblique white stripe below the eye, and by a yellow spot 

 above the same. The ears are yellow externally, with their inner sides edged 

 with white, except at the tips ; and the sides of the body are marked by a pure 

 white stripe from the elbow to the hip. The chin and under-parts are also pure 

 white ; and there is likewise a patch of the same colour on the outer side of the 

 knee ; while the lower portions of the limbs, including the feet, are yellow. On 

 the tail the rings occupy only the upper surface, the inferior aspect being uniformly 

 yellowish. This species is restricted to South Australia. The common brush- 

 tailed rock -wallaby (P. penicillata), from the coast districts of the eastern side of 

 the continent, is more soberly coloured ; the general tint of the coarse hair being- 

 dull brown, tending to rufous on the hind-quarters. In the male, the length of 

 the head and body reaches 28 \ inches ; and that of the tail, exclusive of the hair 



