Oct.] THE FRUIT GARDEN. 525 



roots of full grown carrots, beets, parsneps, turnips, Jerusalem 

 artichokes, &c. which are to be preserved as directed in November. 



Southern States. 



In Georgia, South Carolina, and the parts of North Carolina 

 south of the 35th degree of latitude, you may now sow the seeds of 

 carrot, parsnep, beet, onion, parsley, cresses, spinage, and several 

 other kinds of hardy garden vegetables: plant out from the 

 seed-beds cabbage and cauliflower plants: sow peas, and plant 

 early Mazagan and Windsor beans, with every other variety of the 

 Vicia Faba. 



In North Carolina, generally, Tennessee, and the southern parts 

 of Virginia and Kentucky, you may sow peas, plant the above species 

 of bean, sow carrot, parsnep, onion, parsley, and other hardy seeds; 

 plant out cabbages, and also cauliflower plants; but the cauliflowers, 

 if the winter is any way severe, will require the protection of 

 hand glasses, oiled-paper caps, frames, or the like, as directed in 

 page 515. 



THE FRUIT GARDEN. 



Gathering Winter Pears and Apples. 



Gather your winter pears and apples as they ripen; but for 

 particulars see the article Orchard for this month. 



Pruning. 



Towards the latter end of the month, you may begin to prune 

 such trees as have completely shed their leaves, but by no means 

 lay your knife to a tree, for a general pruning, till this is the case. 



In the middle states I would not recommend the pruning of 

 peach, nectarine, almond, and apricot trees before the latter end of 

 February, nor in the eastern states before the first week in March; 

 but they should not be much longer neglected. In the southern 

 states they may be pruned at any time between the periods in which 

 they shed their leaves and the latter end of January. 



Apples, pears, plums and cherries, being perfectly hardy, may 

 be pruned, in any part of the United States, immediately after 

 they drop their leaves, or in November, December, or January, 

 &c. But were it not on account of performing work token it can 

 most conveniently be done, I would prefer early spring pruning of 

 all kinds of trees to any other, on account of the recent ivounds 

 healing and covering over with bark more immediately when vege- 

 tation soon follows, than those anteriorly inflicted. 



For the method of pruning the various kinds of wall and espalier 

 fruit-trees, &c. see page 23, &c. 



