Oct.] THE VINEYARD. 53 \ 



tained in consequence of a trifling neglect in the first instance: 

 but, above all things, place your fruit, whatever way they are put 

 up, completely out of the reach of frost. 



The common kinds, for more immediate use, after being sweated 

 and wiped as before directed, may be packed in hampers or barrels, 

 layer about of fruit and straw, and placed where they will neither 

 be exposed to damps nor frost. 



Planting and Pruning Fruit Trees. 



What 1 have said under the article Fruit Garden for this month, 

 is perfectly applicable, inasmuch as it has relation to the planting 

 and pruning of orchards at this season. But for general instruc- 

 tions on these heads, I refer you to the article Orchard, in January, 

 page 46, February, page 140, and March, page 223, &c. After a 

 careful perusal of what is there said, you will be perfectly able to 

 judge, (taking into consideration the nature of your soil and local 

 situation of the place) whether it is more prudent for you to plant 

 and prune in the autumn, or to defer that business till the opening 

 of spring. 



If any of your fruit trees are cracked and rough in the bark 

 when the fruit is pulled, scrape oft' the loose parts, and, with a 

 large painting brush apply a mixture of cow-dung and urine made 

 to the consistence of a thick paint, covering the stem and any 

 other parts so affected carefully over therewith. This will soften 

 the old rough bark, which will peal oft' with it during the following 

 winter and spring, leaving after it the smooth fresh bark only. 

 Your trees being freed from that incumbrance and harbour for 

 worms, insects, &c. will thrive much more luxuriantly than before. 



THE VINEYARD. 



Having given ample instructions last month for the making of 

 wines, curing of raisins, and preserving the fruit fresh for a length 

 of time, &.c. it is unnecessary to touch upon those subjects in this 

 place; therefore, I have only to refer you to the article Vineyard, in 

 page 488, &c. for information respecting any thing yet remaining 

 to be done of what was there recommended. 



In the southern states vineyards may now be planted, and vines 

 propagated by cuttings, &c, and indeed where the winters are mild 

 and but little or no frost, this is the most suitable season for so 

 doin£, particularly towards the latter end of the month. But in the 

 middle states the month of March, and in the eastern states the 

 early part of April will be the most preferable periods in which 

 to perform this business. 



The subject of planting and propagating the vine being treated 



