218 DISEASES OF ANIMALS. 



the ramping of animals. The over-driving of oxen 

 causes inflammation of the kidneys. It is sometimes 

 caused by atmospheric influence, and by moist, swampy 

 pasturage. 



Symptoms. The first evident symptom of this dis- 

 ease is generally the discharge of bloody urine, but it is 

 usually preceded by dysentery, which is changed to 

 obstinate costiveness, and as soon as costiveness is 

 established, red-water appears. Other symptoms are, 

 feverishness, shivering, succeeded by increased heat, 

 laborious breathing, dry muzzle, heaving at the flanks, 

 ceasing to ruminate, bowed back, cold extremities, hot 

 mouth, tenderness of the loins, straining to void urine, 

 which is in small quantity and expelled by force, highly 

 tinged with blood, and sometimes it is almost pure blood. 

 It often runs its course with fearful rapidity. Sometimes 

 the animal dies in a few days j at other times, she con- 

 tinues ten or twelve days. 



Treatment. Bleed or sweat very early. This will 

 reduce the action on the kidneys. 'Then give physic. 

 If the physic does not operate in due time, back-rake ; 

 give clysters — exciting ones, if necessary ; repeat the 

 physic in partial doses, of a different kind, if convenient, 

 and give with it sage, pennyroyal, or other warming 

 herb tea, and a little ginger. 



Another. Bleed or sweat, give six ounces of salts, 

 one ounce of saltpetre, six ounces of linseed, castor or 

 olive oil, in one pint of whey or gruel. 



CHRONIC RED-WATER. 



This is most common in cows of weak constitutions, 

 and in calves. In its first stages, it is far more a dis- 

 ease of the digestive organs than of the kidneys. The 

 following causes are assigned : relaxed vessels ; thin 

 blood ; cold ; change from poor to rich pasture ; luxuri- 

 ous pasture for cows recently dried, and scarcity of water 

 ! n a long, dry summer. Some of these are only secondary 

 causes, and there are doubtless various other primary 

 causes, among which is the want of exercise. 



Symptoms. The u .ne is of a brown color, or brown 

 " 'inged with yellow. The be^st feeds nearly as well a- 



