PROGRESS IN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 



young French physician Marie Francois Bichat made in 

 calling attention to the fact that each vertebrate organ- 

 ism, including man, has really two quite different sets of 



MARTE FRANgOIS XAVIER BICHAT 



From a medallion by David d 1 Angers 



organs one set under volitional control, and serving the 

 end of locomotion, the other removed from volitional 

 control, and serving the ends of the " vital processes" of 

 digestion, assimilation, and the like. He called these' 

 sets of organs the animal system and the organic sys- 

 tem, respectively. The division thus pointed out was 

 not quite new, for Grimaud, professor of physiology in 

 the university of Montpellier, had earlier made what 

 was substantially the same classification of the functions 

 into " internal or digestive and external or locomotive "; 



323 



