182 



THE FLOWER. 



apparent growing of one part on or out of another, as of 

 the corolla out of the calyx, the stamens out of the corolla, or 

 all of them out of the pistil. This disguises the real origin 

 of the floral organs from the receptacle or axis, in successive 

 series, one within or above the other. Organs in this condition 

 are also and rightly said to be Connate (born united) ; but, as 

 this term is equally applicable to the coalescence of members of 

 the same circle, the word Adnate is preferable, as applying to 

 the present case only. Adnation is heterogeneous organic co- 

 hesion or adhesion : coa- 

 lescence is homogeneous 

 cohesion or union. 



332. Adnation occurs in 

 very various degrees, and 

 affects either some or all the 

 organs of the flower. Its 

 consideration introduces into 

 terminology several peculiar 

 terms, which may here be 

 defined in advance. Three 

 of them, introduced and 

 prominently employed by 

 Jussieu, depend upon the 

 degree of adnation, or the 

 absence of it, viz. : 



Hypogynous (literally be- 

 neath pistil) , applied to parts 

 which are inserted (i. e. are 

 borne) on the receptacle of 

 the flower, as in Fig. 336. 

 This is the absence of 

 adnation, or the condition 

 which corresponds with the 

 unmodified type. 



Perigynous (around the 

 pistil) implies an adnation 

 which carries up the inser- 

 tion of parts (which always means apparent origin or place of 

 attachment) to some distance above or away from the recep- 



FIG. 336. Vejtical section of a flower of the Common Flax, showing the normal or 

 hypogynous insertion of parts upon the torus or receptacle. 



FIG. 337. Vertical section of a flower of the Cherry, to show the perigynous insertion, 

 or adnation to the calyx, of the petals anil stamens. 



FIG. 338. Similar section of the flower of the Purslane, showing an adnation of all 

 the parts with the lower half of the ovary. 



