52 



THE STRUCTURE OF MAN 



but the whole skeleton is remarkable for its delicacy, a character 

 which, according to Virchow, distinguishes a number of the wild 

 races inhabiting the islands of the East. The skull is on the 

 average 200 gr. lighter than that of the European; it is very 

 small, and the cranial capacity in the pure (unmixed) Yeddah 

 male is at most 1250 cubic cm., and in the female some 140 

 cubic cm. less than that. 



FIG. 35. SKULL OF A YOUNG 



ORANG-UTAN. 

 (One-third natural size.) 



FIG. 36. SKULL OF AN ADULT ORANG-UTAN. 

 (One-third natural size.) 



In cranial capacity the Veddahs are undoubtedly among the 

 lowest of human beings, and this is quite in keeping with their 

 low level of civilisation. The woolly-haired inhabitants of the 

 Andaman islands are on approximately the same level, whereas 

 the Bushmen and Australians rank somewhat higher. 1 



In shape the Veddah's skull is very long and narrow, i.e. 

 strongly dolicocephalic. The cranium of the female is more 

 rounded than that of the male indeed, all the peculiarities 

 which in the European distinguish the skull of the woman from 

 that of the man are present in the Veddahs. 



But while there is a difference of from 250 to more than 

 500 cubic cm. in the cranial capacity of the Veddah and 

 the European, a far greater disparity occurs between the cranial 



1 [In the Akkas (the pygmy race of Central Africa), the cranial capacity of the 

 skull of a male recently described by Sir "W. Flower is 1102 cubic cm., and that of a 

 female 1072 cubic cm. The same writer has,-however, described the skull of a female 

 Veddah, having a capacity of but 950 cubic cm., that being one of the smallest normal 

 adult human skulls on record (cf. Jour, of the Anthropological Instil., vol. xviii. p. 6).] 



