344 HORSE-RACING IN FRANCE 



breeding and racing establishments, both grown from 

 the same root. I would also mention M. Achille Fould, 

 the celebrated Minister of Finance, a great breeder (like 

 Baron de Nexon) in the South, whose family continued 

 his traditions, both in the South and in the North, until 

 at last, on tlie death of the Minister's nephew, M. 

 Edouard Fould, in April 1881, the breach made was 

 promptly filled up by a ' confederacy ' composed of 

 Baron Soubeyran, Count Hallez-Claparede, and the late 

 Duke de Castries (in whose name and colours tlie horses 

 ran), two of the three (Baron Soubeyran and Count 

 Hallez-Claparede) having been associated with M. Fould. 

 The confederacy (with their establishment at Avermes, 

 near Moulins, and the ' haras ' of Saint-Georges, in the 

 South) have kept up the Fould tradition splendidly ; 

 and as M. E. Fould himself was for a while associated 

 with M. Henri Delamarre (of Vermont memory and of 

 the Bois-Eoussel ' haras,' belonging to Count P. Eoederer 

 originally) it is easy to see how the tale of ramification 

 is fulfilled. The Third Empire gave a great impetus to 

 horse-racing; and the breedincf of thoroughbreds, and 

 is a convenient line of demarcation to take ; up to that 

 date I should say that the chief and most useful patrons 

 of the French Turf, and promoters of French horse- 

 breeding, besides those just mentioned, bore the names 

 of Des Cars, Cremieux, De Vanteaux, De Coux, De la 

 Bastide, Latache de Fay (both Monsieur and Madame), 

 Gaston de Blangy, Marion, Boutton-Leveque, F. and H. 

 Cutler, Laroque, De Croix, Petit de Serans, Calenge 

 (the founder of Caen races, established in 1837), De 

 Prado, Sabatier, De Barace, Durand (Baron and Madame 

 veuve), De la Eochette. (a name to conjure with in the 

 Societe d'Enoouragement), Jules Eiviere, Hippolyte 

 Mosselman (of the Yerberie ' haras,' near Compiegne), 



