HORSES AND HOUXDS. 3 



this state I consider to be about equal. From the first of 

 November we may consider the winter to have commenced, and 

 after that time both cattle and horses should be removed from 

 their pastures into a well-protected yard, with sheds round it. 

 The calf will now require at least half a hundred weight of 

 barley meal, or oil cake, per week, in addition to hay and tur- 

 nips. The colt we will allow two bushels of bruised oats mixed 

 with chaff, and the same quantity of hay as the calf, substi- 

 tuting a few carrots in the place of the turnips. The cost of 

 the barley meal and the oats will amount to the same, so that 

 the two animals will proceed pari passit as to the expense of 

 their extra food. This mode of feeding' should continue for 

 twenty-six weeks, involving an outlay of six pounds ten shillings 

 for each animal independently of hay and roots. 



The question now is, will the yearlings pay for this treat- 

 ment ? In my own opinion, there cannot be any doubt of it. 

 By well keeping young cattle the first winter they may be forced 

 to great w^eight and size, and be ready for the market at three 

 years old instead of four. The horse will require another year 

 before he is saleable, but unless w^ell treated the first winter, 

 which is always the most trying for young animals of all kinds, 

 he will not arrive at perfection of growth or shape. Having 

 now reached the month of May, we will, to save the farmer any 

 further trouble, turn the two animals out to pasture, only 

 stipulating that they shall have a shed to take shelter in from 

 heat and storms, and if for the first fortnight a few bruised oats 

 be allow^ed the colt night and morning, and the like quantity of 

 meal and cut-hay chaff to the steer, no great damage will be 

 done to his interest, or to that of the farmer. The same course 

 is to be pursued the following autumn and winter, when the 

 steer will consume more extra food as w^ell as the horse, whose 

 allowance of corn may be increased if necessary by one bushel, 

 making three per w^eek.* The second summer they will fare 

 alike ; but in September the steer will require to be taken up 

 from the pasture, and consigned to the bullock-pen for fat- 

 tening. The allowance of oil-cake, barley meal, and roots, 

 must now be administered with no sparing hand, and the extra 

 quantity given to the steer will frank the horse through his 

 third -winter. 



\Ye now come to the relative value of the two animals upon 

 leaving the breeder's premises, the one for the shambles, the 

 other for the dealer's, or gentleman's stables. The bullock, if well 



* This quantity of corn may by some be considered too much, but not so in 

 r^y opinion, since without forcing colts the first and second winter, they will 

 not attain \-igorous growth. — Scrutator. 



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