AGRICULTURE ON THE RHINE. 195 



in three rows sufficiently wide apart to allow a double pipe 

 to be rolled between them ; each is marked with a num- 

 ber stamped on a tin plate corresponding with the entry m 

 the cellar-book. The stranger who enjoj^s the patronage 

 of the cellar steward, can here form an acquaintance 

 with the genuine hock wine that he can only extend in 

 the Duke of Nassau's cellar at Ebcrbach, which is, how- 

 ever, on a much larger scale. The value of the wine 

 contained in upwards of 100 double pipes may be esti- 

 mated from the price of the general run of the wine, which 

 varies from 400/. to 600/. A double pipe of 1822 was 

 sold to the Court of Berlin for 12,500 florins, or 1440/. 

 The vintages of 1811 are said to have produced 48 of 

 these double pipes: 1818 yielded 47; 1819, 52; and 

 1833, 57 double pipes, or nearly one to the morgen, 

 being equivalent to three pipes per acre. These were 

 extraordinary vintages, and there is reason to believe 

 that the average of the Steinberg vineyard obtains 

 here, being about a pipe per morgen. The vineyards now 

 contain 62 morgens, or about 40 acres. Connected with 

 the castle is a farm comprising 450 morgens of arable 

 and 70 morgens of meadow land, together 300 acres. 

 A large stock of cattle is kept to furnish cow-dung for 

 the vineyards. 



The Johannisberg was founded as a Benedictine abbey 

 in 1106, by Ruthard, Archbishop of Mayence. In the 

 last century it was bought by the Abbot of Fulda, 

 Prince Walderdorf, who, in 1717, built the castle as it 

 now stands. It fell during the confiscations of tho 

 clerical lands to the house of Orange Nassau, and was 

 taken fi-om that house by Napoleon, after the battle of 

 Jena, ajid conferred upon Marshal Kellermann, the 



