(2) The number and the nature of the observations to be made 

 on each individual examined. 



It is obvious that the first of these questions is a matter for statis- 

 ticians rather than for anthropologists, and it may therefore be left 

 on one side. 



As regards the observations to be made, it is clear that they must 

 be as few in number as is compatible with the end in view, and that 

 all of them must deal with characters which are capable of exact meas- 

 urement. The Council would recommend the following list, which 

 is essentially that selected by Professor Cunningham (see Report, Part 

 I, page 9). This includes: 



(1) Stature. 



(2) Sitting height. 



(3) Chest girth (maximum and minimum). 



(4) Weight. 



(5) Head (length, width, height). 



(6) Breadth of shoulders. 



(7) Breadth of hips. 



(8) Vision tested by Snellen's type. 



(9) Colour vision. 



(10) Degree of pigmentation. 



Evidence to be obtained from ancient interments. — There are already 

 grounds for supposing that, in comparatively recent centuries, a defi- 

 nite change has occurred in the physical constitution of a large propor- 

 tion of the British people. A past President of the Royal Anthropo- 

 logical Institute, Dr. Arthur Keith, has instituted an elaborate com- 

 parison between the teeth, jaws, and facial skeleton of 50 men and 

 women who lived in England prior to the Norman Conquest, and of 

 50 men and women of the 18th Century, and has come to the conclu- 

 sion that the differences between them are such as cannot be accounted 

 for by a difference in racial constitution. In the last thousand years 

 the facial parts of the English people have altered. The Council men- 

 tions this circumstance because it points to another source of evidence 

 supplementary to that to be derived from an anthropometrical survey. 

 In every district throughout the country ancient burials are from time 

 to time discovered. In a great number of cases it is possible, with ex- 

 pert advice, to determine approximately the period at which these in- 

 terments were made, and the human remains will then provide ac- 

 curate data relating to the physical condition of the people of the 

 period. At present, the bones are in most cases neglected and cast 

 away, valuable records being thus lost for all time. In the opinion of 

 the Council, it should be compulsory for any one making a discovery 

 of human remains in an ancient burial to report that discovery to the 



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