88 ACTIVITIES OF BACTERIA. 



The most important results of the investigations are 



Inactive 

 Lactic Acid. 



Dextroro- 

 tatory 

 Lactic Acid 

 (Paralactic). 



Levorota- 



TORY 



Lactic Acid. 



Bac. coli l 



Bac. Bischleri 



Bac. typhi 



Microc. acidi paralactici 

 Vibrio cholerae (Calcutta) 

 Vibrio cholerae (Massina) 

 Vibrio Metschnikovi . . . 

 Vibrio danubicus .... 

 Vibrio "Wernicke", I, II, 



i-i 



Vibrio " Dunbar" . . . . 



Vibrio proteus 



Vibrio Weibel 



Vibrio Bonhoff b ^| 



Vibrio berolinensis • • • f 



Vibrio aquatilis J 



Vibrio tyrogenes . . . . \ 

 Vibrio Bonhoff a J 



+ 



+ 



+ 



While at present these results are not of much value, 

 yet a continuance of these theoretically interesting studies 

 is desirable. (Compare special part, under Vibrio cholerae 

 and Bact. coli. ) 



Various bacteria — often, however, insufficiently studied 

 morphologically or biologically — are able to produce buty- 

 ric acid, butyl alcohol, or both from carbohydrates. 



For a review of these varieties see Baier (C. B. L. I, 

 17). Compare in special part : Bac. butyricus Huppe, 

 Bac. butyricus Botkin, Clostridium butyricum, etc. 



In connection with the fermentation of sugar, de= 

 composition of cellulose may be mentioned as caused by 

 various bacteria. It occurs especially in the gastric and 

 intestinal contents of herbivora, and also in quagmire, 

 and forms marsh-gas as its striking product. 



1 The statements regarding the coli group are from Nencki (C. B. 

 IX, 305) ; regarding the typhoid, from Blachstein ; regarding the 

 cholera group, from Kuprianow (A. H. xix, 283, 291) and Gosio (A. 

 H. xxi, 114). 



