STREPTOCOCCUS LANCEOLATUS. 143 



cocci, preferring acid nutrient media, which were obtained from the 

 human vagina. 



Not at all characteristic are the species also isolated from cheese by 

 Henrici, which were not examined as to their effects upon sugar, milk, 

 potato, and animals (A. K. B., Heft 1, 1); and Strept. tyrogenus, albi- 

 dus, magnus, granulaius, pallens, pallidus, Henrici, 1 which are only 

 differentiated by characteristics that are not very pronounced and are 

 still to be tested as to their constancy (more or less granulation in 

 the plate cultures, character of cloudiness in bouillon, slightly 

 different adaptability to aerobic and anaerobic life). The Strept. 

 stramineus Henrici, which grows as a straw-yellow, shining deposit, 

 appears to differ more strongly. 



Streptococcus lanceolatus 2 (Gamaleia). (A. P., 1888, 

 ii, 440.) 



(Plate 2.) 



Synonyms. — Diplococcus pneumonias A. Frankel and 

 Weichselbaum, Dipl. of sputum septicemia A. Frankel, 

 Meningococcus Foa, Pneumococcus Foa, Dipl. lanceolatus 

 sive lanceolatus capsulatus Foa and Bordoni-Uffreduzzi, 

 Bact. pneumoniae Migula, Micr. pyogenes tenuis Rosenbach 

 (C. B. vii, 177). 



Ordinary Names. — Capsule coccus of pneumonia, 

 pneumococcus, Frankel' s pneumonia coccus. 



Literature. — Exhaustive critical studies by Kruse and Pansini 

 (Z. H. xi, 279), Levy and Steinmetz (Arch. exp. Path., 1896, 89). 

 Literature by Schabad (C. B. xix, 991). 



Microscopic Appearance. — Arranged usually in pairs 

 or chains of from four to six members, roundish or — what 

 is especially characteristic — lancet-shaped (2, x). When 

 obtained from the animal body or when cultivated upon 

 sterilized sputum and tracheal mucus, or in fluid rabbit's 

 serum, it usually presents a significant capsule, which may 

 be stained (p. 22, Fig. 5) (2, ix). 



1 Here also belongs the Strept. cinereus Zimmermann (Bd. 11, 64), 

 obtained from tap-water, which is said to present somewhat more 

 prominent cultures on gelatin plates. 



2 Since the name Strept. pneumoniae is applied by Weichselbaum to 

 a Strept. pyogenes from cases of pneumonia, it would lead to con- 

 fusion if, following the rules of strictly botanical nomenclature, the 

 Dipl. pneumoniae was renamed simply the Strept. pneumoniae. On 

 the contrary, the name Strept. lanceolatus is also very old (1888), 

 characteristic, and unmistakable. 



