210 IMPORTANT VARIETIES OF FISSION-FUNGI. 



two days. Usually a lobular, multiple, necrotic pneu- 

 monia is most prominent. Many cases pass as croupous 

 pneumonia ; other forms, with bacteria of less virulence, 

 lead, during a chronic course, to the formation of multiple 

 caseous areas, which are often confused with tuberculous 

 areas. Compare Ascher and Hirsemann (Z. H. xxvi, 

 143). Also diseases of the intestine (gastro-enteritis) occur 

 when a complication or secondary infection by the Bact. 

 cholerae suum is not present. Swine are very susceptible, 

 and, of the experimental animals, guinea-pigs ; birds are 

 very slightly affected. 



For an exhaustive differential diagnosis from American 

 ■ ' Schweineseuche, ' ' see page 239. 



2. Bacterium multocidum 1 (Kitt), L. and N. (Bact. 

 bipolare multocidum Kitt, Bac. bovisepticus Kruse), 

 cause of the "Wild-" and " Rinderseuche " (Bollinger, 

 Kitt), which, while not very frequent, still has raged very 

 destructively among deer and cattle. 2 Hogs are rarely 

 affected. 



There are found hemorrhagic enteritis, with either 

 pleuropneumonia and pericarditis, or very acute edema 

 of the head and neck, with hemorrhages in the mucous 

 membranes of the head. 



3. Bacterium of Barbone in buffalo disease in Italy 

 and Hungary (Oreste and Armanni, 1886; von Ratz, C. B. 

 xx, 289 ; Sanfelice, Loi and Malato, C. B. xxn, 32). 

 Buffalo die in from twelve to twenty-four hours ; there is 

 severe hemorrhagic edema of the subcutaneous connective 

 tissue, especially about the larynx, trachea, etc., with the 

 small intestine reddened and hemorrhagic. It is patho- 

 genic for guinea-pigs. 



4. Bacterium avicidum Kitt, cuniculicida (Gaffky) 

 Fliigge (Bacillus cholerae gallinarum Kruse). It is the 

 cause of extensive epidemics in chickens (chicken cholera, 

 Perconcito, Pasteur), isolated by Gaffky from canal- water 

 (Mitt. Gesundheitsamt 1, 80) and described as the cause 



1 Closely related: " New Infectious Disease of Cattle," of Basso 

 (C. B. xxii, 537). Stained by Gram's method, non-motile, ferments 

 glucose. 



2 According to Gmelin, the causes of many cases of infectious in- 

 flammation of the navel also belong here (C. B. xxiii, 295). 



