258 IMPORTANT VARIETIES OF FISSION-FUNGI. 



Morphologically very similar to the Bact. coli; luxu- 

 riant growth on potato with brown discoloration of the 

 nutrient medium. 



No decomposition of any sugar with the liberation of 

 gas; milk is alkaline and not coagulated. Also upon 

 litmus milk alkali is formed. The organism corresponds 

 to the Bact. coli, which has lost its power of decomposing 

 sugar. Differentiation from the Bact. typhi usually not 

 very difficult. Found in the intestine, also in spoiled 

 beer. Compare also Pollak (H. R., 1897, vn, p. 22). 



Bacterium Stutzeri. Lehm. and Neum. 



Bacillus denitrificans n, Burri and Stutzer (C. B. L. i, 

 257). 



Mention is here deserved by the first completely described bacillus, 

 which, without the aid of synergetic organisms, was able to break 

 up saltpeter, with the liberation of nitrogen. It is a short, motile 

 bacillus (2-4 fi long, f// thick), without spores, and with tapering ends. 

 It grows upon gelatin plates as small, dry, tough, white disks, which 

 are traversed by characteristic radiating ribs, which become united by 

 arches at the edge. The surface growth in the gelatin stab culture is 

 similar ; in the stab it grows as a whitish streak. No liquefaction. 

 Agar growth not very characteristic. Upon feebly alkalinized potato, a 

 padded, rib-shaped, thick growth, from a pale flesh-color to peach-red. 

 In bouillon a pellicle forms. In 0.3% nitrate of potassium bouillon 

 there is energetic development of nitrogen. It grows both at room 

 and incubator temperature, equally well without and with oxygen; 

 yet with an abundant supply of air, fermentation of saltpeter is inter- 

 fered with. The relation to carbohydrates is unknown. Isolated 

 from straw. Found by Kunnemann in straw and horse-manure 

 (C. B. L. iv, 906). 



Bacterium typhi murium (Loffler). (C. B. xi, 

 129.) L. and N. 



According to Loffler himself, it is very similar in every 

 way, morphologically and biologically, to the Bact. of hog 

 cholera (grape-sugar is converted into acid with accom- 

 panying gas-formation). The culture studied by us, like 

 the Bact. typhi, produces acid vigorously from grape- 

 sugar, but no gas; and neither acid nor gas from milk- 

 sugar. l 



1 According to Loffler, feeble acidity is produced in milk, but not 

 sufficient to cause coagulation. Mereshkowski's bacterium from the 



