BACILLUS VULGATUS. 323 



remains clear, a pellicle forming upon the surface. Milk is coagulated, 

 but sometimes remains fluid. No gas or indol, but some H 2 S is 

 formed. According to Hlippe, it elaborates butyric acid from salts of 

 laet ic acid ; also from milk-sugar when it is previously hydrated by 

 other bacteria. 



Bacillus gastrophilus. L. and N. 



This name is applied to a sporulatiug, motile, aerobic bacillus, 

 which coagulates milk with the formation of lactic acid. Recently it 

 has been repeatedly cultivated by Kaufmann and Strauss from the 

 human carcinomatous stomach. The organism grows poorly upon the 

 ordinary nutrient media, best upon beer-wort agar and gelatin, upon 

 which it forms fine threads (according to the description, resembling 

 anthrax). Old cultures appear as if covered with fine dust (air 

 hyphae?). 



Details, together with literature, are given by Sternberg (Wien. 

 klin. Wochenschr. , 1898, 744), who cultivated the organism from an 

 incarcerated hernia, and naturally disputes its diagnostic significance 

 in carcinoma. 



Bacillus oxalaticus. Zopf. 



This organism possesses a greater interest because Migula (A. K., I. 

 Bd., p. 139) conducted valuable studies upon bacterial structure upon 

 it. The culture which we obtained from Krai consisted of rods, 

 which, from their relatively small diameter (0.8-1.6 /*), differ much 

 from the thick forms (2.5-4 ft) which Migula observed. This is ap- 

 parently due to cultivation. Motility and flagella were always 

 absent. Upon gelatin plates the colonies at first resemble those of 

 Bact. coli ; later they become crummy and settle into the gelatin with 

 a wide zone of liquefaction. With longer growth they become like 

 the subtilis in appearance. In the gelatin stab the liquefaction is 

 funnel-shaped, later cylindric, the contents are turbid, and a scum 

 forms on top. The agar streak culture is not distinguishable from that 

 of anthrax. Upon potato is formed a pure white, dry, later moistly 

 shining, elevated growth. Bouillon remains almost clear. For 

 chemical activities, see page 307 ; no H 2 S nor indol. 



Bacillus vulgatus. (Fltigge.) Migula. 



(Plate 38, vm, ix ; and Plate 42.) 



Synonym. — Bacillus mesentericus vulgatus Fliigge. 

 Ordinary Name. — Potato bacillus. 



Literature. — Vignal : Le bacille mesentericus vulgatus, Paris, 1889. 

 Not accessible to us. 



Microscopic Appearance. — Slender rods, ends 

 scarcely at all rounded, 1.6-5.0 ^ long, 0.8 n thick, often 



