10 



be hatched and deposited in the Sacramento and San Joaquin Eivers 

 that, after three years, the fish would be so numerous that they would 

 compel as extensive Salmon canning establishments on those rivers as 

 there are now on the Columbia, and that the increase of wealth and 

 revenues to the State, from these sources, would pay one hundred fold 

 on the outiay. 



In this connection, we desire to call attention to Mr. Livingston 

 •Stone's report to the Commissioners, hereto appended, on the subject of 

 the Salmon of the Sacramento, and of the increase of wealth that may 

 be derived from this source. 



While on the subject of the necessity for increasing the appropria- 

 tions, your Commissioners may also be pardoned in alluding to the fact 

 that all of the business, in connection with the Fish Commission, is 

 attended to without salary, and that, in the necessary work of receiving 

 and distributing fish, they pay their own traveling expenses. They 

 would, therefore, confidently ask the Legislature for this increase, which, 

 without abatement, would be applied to the objects of the appropriation, 

 in increasing the variety and quantity of food-fish in our rivers, lakes, 

 and ba3's. 



3Iuch attention is given to the Sacramento Salmon (^Sahno qui/inat) by 

 eeientists and b}' fish culturists in other countries, for the reason that 

 it comes into rivers to spawn in latitudes much lower and in waters 

 much warmer than any other variety yet known. Large numbers pass 

 up the San Joaquin liiver for the purpose of spawning in July and 

 August, swimming for one hundred and fifty miles through the hottest 

 valley in the State, where the temperature of the air at noon is rarely 

 less than eighty degrees, and often as high as one hundred and five 

 degrees Fahrenheit, and where the average temperature of the river, 

 at the bottom, is seventy-nine degrees, and at the surface, eighty 

 degrees. The Salmon of the San Joaquin fiiver appear to be of the 

 same variety as those in the Sacramento, but average smaller in size. 

 Their passage to their sj)awning grounds at this season of the j'ear, at 

 so high a temperature of both air and water, would indicate that they 

 will thrive in all the rivers of the Southern States, whose waters take 

 their rise in mountainous or hilly regions, and, in a few years, without 

 doubt, the San Joaquin Salmon will be transplanted to all of those 

 States. The fact that the San Joaquin Salmon should be found in a 

 river in one of the warmest portions of California, at the hottest season 

 of the year, for this purpose, is so extraordinary, that we here append 

 the maximum, minimum, and mean temperature of the air and water 

 for the months of August and September, from the record kejit at the 

 railroad bridges crossing this river. These statements will be of great 

 service towards determining the fact into what Southern rivers, empty- 

 ing into the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean, the San Joaquin 

 Salmon may be safely transplanted. 



