60 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. 



bh. Pyloric cccca 140 or more. 



c. Anal rays i;i-14; branchiostesals 13-14 .Keia. 



cc. Anal rays 16 ; branchiostegals 15-19 Tchaivytcha. 



Oncorhynchus gorhuscha Walbaum. 



This, the Humpback salmon, is only occasionally taken in the Sacra- 

 mento and Columbia. It runs every other year in Puget Sound. It 

 reaches a weight of three to seven pounds. 



Oncorhynchus kisutch Walbaum. Silver Salmon. 



This salmon runs in the Sacramento in summer and fall; it does not 

 exceed eight pounds in weight, and many are doubtless confounded with 

 the young of the Quinnat. From this they are, however, readily dis- 

 tinguished by the number of coecal appendages about the stomach, which 

 scarcely exceeds seventy-five in this species, while there are more than 

 one hundred and twenty-five in the Quinnat. Mr. Chas. Ohm took the 

 young of this species, five and seven eighths inches long, in Paper Mill 

 Creek, on March 24, 1890. 



■■) 



Oncorhynchus keta Walbaum. Dog Salmon. 



I have not yet seen any fresh examples of this species. It is said to 

 be abundant in the fall from the Sacramento northward, when it ascends 

 all the streams for a short distance. It does not begin to " run " until 

 its sexual organs are well advanced in development and its flesh propor- 

 tionately deteriorated. For this reason it is of no great economic value. 



Oncorhynchus tchaioytcha Walbaum. Quinnat Salmon. 



This is the salmon par excellence, and, like Sahno solar, " stands pre- 

 eminent, like a Highland Chieftain, needing no name save that of his 

 clan." It is still "The Salmon," "Quinnat Salmon;" and "King 

 Salmon" when ready to be eaten, "Columbia Salmon "or "Alaska 

 Salmon." 



What I have said under the head of the genus Oncorhynchus in general 

 applies to this species especially. I have caught the very young of this 

 species (about two inches long) at Mare Island, on April 17, 1890. 



SALMO. 



The species of this genus are variously named by the fishermen. 

 The young taken in the mountain streams are all Brook trouts, or Rain- 

 bow fronts; the old ones are Trout, Steel-head, Salmon trout, and even 

 Salmon, and a special series of names has been invented in Lake Tahoe. 



It is concerning the members of this genus that there was such dis- 

 cussion in the papers during last spring. For practical purposes, all 

 the species of this genus may be classed as one, and covered by a gen- 

 eral law protecting trout. All the rules of the angler will not suffice 

 in distinguishing the species, and such practical experiments as scraping 

 the scales with the thumb nail to distinguish Brook trout from Salmon 

 trout, are perfectly useless. Every angler knows how variable the trouts 

 are in the different streams and ponds, and Dr. Giinther'sAvords, quoted 

 above, are but the expression of the experience of every naturalist, as 

 well as of every angler. Through the courtesy of Mr. Charles Ohm, I 



