ST. JOHN: SABLE ISLAND. 45 



be classed as Arctic, but the great majority are Hudsonian or Canad- 

 ian types, and it does not, in considering this region, seem worth 

 while to try to distinguish between them. The boreal types total 

 45 plants, = 30 per cent, of the Sable Island flora. 



A few examples will indicate the make-up of this class: Elymus 

 arenarius L., var. wllosus E. Mey., Spiranthes Romanzoffiana Cham., 

 Arenaria lateriflora L., var. typica (Regel) St. John, Drosera rotundi- 

 folia L., Fragaria virginiana Duchesne, var. terrae^novae (Rydb.) 

 Fernald & Wiegand, Potentilla palustris (L.) Scop., var. parvifolia 

 (Raf.) Fernald & Long, P. tridentata Ait., Empetrum nigrum L., Hip- 

 puris vulgaris L., Ligusticum scothicum L., Coelopleurum lucidum (L.) 

 Fernald, Cornus canadensis L., Menyanthes trifoliata L., Euphrasia 

 purpurea Reeks, var. Randii (Robinson) Fernald & Wiegand, Plan- 

 tago decipiens Barneoud, Linnaea borealis L., var. americana (Forbes) 

 Rehder, Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) B. & H., var. subalpina Gray, 

 and Senecio Pseudo-Arnica Less. 



Class II. 1 Southwestern Types. This class consists of plants found 

 chiefly in regions to the southwest of Newfoundland. It totals 83 

 plants = 55 per cent, of the flora. It falls into three subdivisions. 



Subclass A. Canadian and Alleghanian plants mostly common to 

 Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and coastal New Eng- 

 land, but unknown in eastern Saguenay County, Quebec, or Labrador. 

 These total 36 plants = 24 per cent, of the flora. 



As typical of this subclass may be listed: Polypodium vulgare L., 

 Osmunda cinnamomea L., Scirpus acutus Muhl., Spartina Michaux- 

 iana Hitchc., Habenaria bracteata (Willd.) R. Br. (does not reach 

 Newfoundland), Rubus hispidus Michx., Hypericum mrginicum L., 

 Galium Claytoni Michx., Mitchella repens L. (does not reach New- 

 foundland), and Viburnum cassinoides L. 



Subclass B. Species having affinities with the Southern Coastal 

 Plain, usually belonging to genera or having nearly related species 



1 Class II of Prof. Fernald's discussion (1. c. p. 138), the Western types, is 

 represented on Sable Island by only two plants, Polygonum hydropiperoides 

 Michx., Var. psilostachyum St. John, occurring on Sable Island and along the 

 Columbia River in Washington, and Lycopus uniflorus Michx., var. ovatus 

 Fernald & St. John, occurring on Sable Island, at Canso, Nova Scotia, and at 

 Sullivan's Gulch, Portland, Oregon. If Sable Island contained a greater di- 

 versity of soils it is probable that more of these western plants would occur 

 there. Many of them are calcicoles, so it is not surprising that they are not 

 to be found on Sable Island, which presents nothing but sand, wet or dry. 



