Preface. xiii 



Birds John Cassin, Esq,.* Philadelphia. 



Bats Dr. H. Allen, Philadelphia. 



Mammalian Fossils Dr. Joseph Leidy, Philadelphia. 



Many of the type specimens are deposited in the mu- 

 seums of the Smithsonian Institution, the Philadelphia 

 Academy of Natural Science, the Boston Society of ISTat- 

 ural History, the Peabody Academy of Science, and Yas- 

 sar College ; but the bulk of the collection was purchased 

 by Ingham University, Leroy, New York. 



The Map of Equatorial America was drawn with great 

 care after original observations and the surveys of Hum- 

 boldt and "VYisse on the Andes, and of Azevedo, Castlenau, 

 and Bates on the Amazon.f The names of Indian tribes 

 are in small capitals. Most of the illustrations are after 

 photographs or drawings made on the ground, and can be 

 relied upon. The portrait of Humboldt, which is for the 

 first time presented to the public, was photographed from 

 the original painting in the possession of Sr. Aguirre, Qui- 

 to. Unlike the usual portrait — an old man, in Berlin — 

 this presents him as a young man in Prussian uniform, 

 traveling on the Andes. 



We desire to express our grateful acknowledgments to 

 the Smithsonian Institution, Hon. "William H. Seward, and 

 Hon. James A. Garfield, of Washington ; to Cyrus W. 

 Field, Esq., and William Pitt Palmer, Esq., of Xew York ; 

 to C. P. Williams, Esq., of Albany ; to Eev. J. C. Fletcher, 



* This eminent ornithologist died in the midst of his examination. Mr. 

 George N. Lawrence, of New York, has identified the remainder, including 

 all the hummers. 



t We have retained the common orthography of this word, though Ajjio- 

 zons, used by Bates, is doubtless more correct, as more akin to the Brazil- 

 ian name Amazonas. 



