322 The Andes and the A^iazox. 



people, and, like the Shipibos, often wear a piece of money 

 under the lip. The Campas are the most numerous and 

 warlike."^ They are little known, as travelers give them a 

 wide berth. Herndon fancied they were the descendants 

 of the Inca race. They are said to be cannibals, and from 

 the specimen we saw we should judge them uncommonly 

 shai-p. He was averse to telling us any thing about his 

 tribe, but turned our questions with an equivocal repartee 

 and a laugh. The Cashibos, on the Pachitea, is another 

 cannibal tribe. They are light colored and bearded. 

 The dwarfish, filthy Rimos alone of the Ucayali Indians 

 tattoo, though not so perfectly as the Mundurucus, using 

 black and blue colors. The other tribes simply paint. It 

 was among these wild Indians on the Ucayali that the 

 Franciscan friars labored so long and zealously, and with 

 a success far greater and more lasting than that which at- 

 tended any other missionary enterprise in the valley. 



The remaining inhabitants of the Amazon are mixed- 

 breeds, Xegroes, and whites. The amalgamations form the 

 greater part of the population of the large towns. Yon 

 Tschudi gives a catalogue of twenty-three hybrids in Peru , 

 and there are undoubtedly as many, or more, in Brazil. 

 The most common are Mamelucos (offspring of white with 

 Indian), Mulattoes (from white and ]S"egro), Cafuzos or 

 Zambos (from Indian and Negro), Curibocos (from Caf uzo 

 and Indian) ; and Xibaros (from Cafuzo and IS'egro). " To 

 define their characteristics correctly," says Yon Tschudi, 

 " would be impossible, for their minds partake of the mix- 

 ture of their blood. As a general rule, it may be said that 

 they unite in themselves all the faults without any of the 



* The women circumcise themselves, and a man will not marry a woman 

 who is not circumcised. They perform the singular rite upon arriving at 

 the age of puberty, and have a great feast at the time. Other tribes flog 

 and imprison their daughters when they reach Avomanhood. 



