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The shell luouiuls in Demnarlv contain a considerahle nnniher 

 of polished stone cutting implements. The momids round the 

 mouth of the Buffalo have, although carefully explored, yielded 

 nothing but l)one implements, no cutting stone weapons of any 

 sort having been discovered. The mounds differ considerably 

 in size, nnd although similar in structure some are evidently 

 more recent than others. The largest, and in all probability 

 the oldest, is the large mound on the Eastern bank, from which 

 the skull was taken. As this mound shows a vertical section 

 throughout its entire depth, and as it possesses several features 

 of interest we will briefly consider it. It originally formed a 

 mound some three hundred feet long and 25 feet high, standing 

 on the slope which runs down from the signal hill to the river. 

 Quai'rying in connection with [the harl)our works was the 

 original cause o*" its being cut through. The portion nearest 

 the river was entirely removed. The inner portion is still 

 remaining, and shows the vertical section above alluded to. 

 The topmost layer consists of shells, l)ones, ashes, etc. A layer 

 some two or three feet in thickness is covered by three feet of 

 sand and vegetable earth, on which thick busli is now growing. 

 In fact the whole of the mound was completely covered with 

 thick bush, there being no sign of its existence until the cutting 

 was made. Besides shells, hearth-stones, ashes and bits of 

 pottery, bones of the elephant and hippopotamus, as well as 

 those of smaller animals and fish have been found. Most of 

 the larger bones have been split open, probably for the sake of 

 their marrow. Below the topmost layer of shells, another layer 

 of sand som.c two feet in thickness exists, separating the top 

 layer from the shells immediately below. After the second 

 layer although in places there seems to be an interstratilication 

 of sand, the separation of the layer of shells is not so distinctly 

 marked and towards the centre they all seem to form one block. 

 In this mound a very well formed bone implement some four 

 inches in length was found. It is spindle shaped with a point 



