12 



rock, specially selected for the purpose, had flakes chipjied oif 

 it by blows pro])ably given by some rounded peb])le. In many 

 cases "cores" of hard stones from which liakes have been 

 chipped off are found h'intj; near a collection of implements and 

 fragments. The best formed and probably one of the most 

 modern implements Avhich I have seen, and which is at present 

 in my possession, is one of the si)ear-headed type found on the 

 Cape flats by Dr. Dale. It bears the marks on its surface of 

 numerous successive chij^pings, and has been shaped with 

 considerably more skill than the ruder weapons of greater 

 antiquity found in old deposits. A very good collection of 

 implements of difl'erent shapes and sizes, and from different 

 parts of the colony, may be seen in the Albany Museum at 

 Grahamstown. The interest of stone implements from .in 

 archa-ological point of view, depends, however, more u})on the 

 geological evidence in reference to the deposits in which they 

 are found, than upon anything else, as it is by this we are 

 principally enabled to form a probable estimate of their anti- 

 quit}'. With this object, I will now deal with those implements, 

 which thanks principally to the guidance of one of our silent 

 workers, Mr. Mackay of East London, I have been enabled to 

 collect myself. Never was there a site better adapted to the 

 wants of primitive man than the mouth ot the Buft'alo River 

 and its neighl)ourhood. It is theretore not strange that in this 

 locality abundant evidence of its having been the abode of man 

 from a remote period of time is to be found. A very interesting 

 and carefully constructed map of the locality round the mouth 

 of the river has l)L'un prepared l)y IMr. Mackay, showing the 

 sites of numerous " kitchen-middens," or shell mounds, exactly 

 resembling those "■ Kjokkenmodding " or ancient kitchen refuse 

 lieaps, described by Sir Charles Lyell as relics of the prehistoric 

 age on the shores of Denmark ; and further, showing the prob- 

 able sites of still more ancient habitations in the stone age, 

 those spots in fact where stone implements have been found in 



