geochemical occurrence and control of metals derived from the 

 abandoned Carbonate Mine in the Swamp Gulch wetland. The study 

 included measurements of hydraulic conductivity in the wetland 

 sediments, potentiometric mapping of the shallow ground-water flow 

 system, discharge data from Swamp Gulch, metals uptake data for 

 wetland vegetation and other data. The study compared metals 

 immobilization by the natural Swamp Gulch wetland with that in the 

 constructed wetland at Sand Coulee, an acid mine drainage site in 

 Cascade County. The Swamp Gulch site was found to be much more 

 effective, apparently because it supports healthier populations of 

 sulfate-reducing bacteria effective in precipitating metal 

 sulfides. 



Swan River Proposed RNA 



Bibliographic source: Geoindex lat-long search 



Author: Mudge, M.R. , R.L. Earhart, J.W. Whipple and J.E. Harrison 



Title: Geologic and structure map of the Choteau 1 degree X 2 

 degree quadrangle, western Montana. 



Series: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigation Series 

 Map 1-1300. 



Date: 1982 



Regional map compilation at 1:250,000 scale shows the upland slopes 

 above the site to be underlain entirely by the Helena Formation 

 (Belt Supergroup) of Proterozoic Y age. The Helena Formation 

 consists predominantly of carbonate lithologies (limestone and 

 dolomite) and generally calcareous clastic sediments. 



Bibliographic source: Geoindex lat-long search 



Author: Witkind, I.J. and M. Weber 



Title: Reconnaissance geologic map of the Big Fork-Avon 



environmental study area, Flathead, Lake, Lewis and Clark, 

 Missoula and Powell counties, Montana 



Series: USGS Miscellaneous Investigations Map 1-1380 



Date: 



Regional geologic mapping at 1:125,000 scale emphasizing surficial 



63 



