COFFEE AND QUININE 215 



developed into an important industry near many of our large 

 cities. The weed members of this family are of no very great 

 importance. 



PARSLEY FAMILY (uMBELLIFER^) 



The family is characterized by five-parted calyx and cor- 

 olla; tvi^o-chambered inferior ovary and umbel inflorescence. 

 Among the most important members are: The celery (Apium 

 graveolens), which is well known. It was used as food by the 

 ancient Egyptians, Greeks and Romans and also as a medicine 

 by the Egyptians. The parsnip (Pastinaca saliva) originated 

 in Europe but is now widely cultivated as a food for man and 

 live stock. The carrot {Daucus carota) (Fig. 139) is a vege^■ 

 table whose history is not known. 



This family also includes the anise (Pimpinella anisum) ; 

 asafoetida (Ferula narthex) ; coriander (Coriandrum sativum) ; 

 parsley (Carum petroselinum) ; caraway (Carum carui) ; and 

 many other more or less well-known plants, some of which are 

 useful while others are pests. 



The members of this family are grown from the seed. Cel- 

 ery, parsnips and carrots may be kept in storage for consider- 

 able time. This family also includes a number of weeds which 

 can be kept in control by the use of cultivated crops and also 

 by the use of cowpeas, soy beans or similar smother crops. 



MADDER FAMILY (rUBIACE.Ts) 



Coffee and Quinine. — This family includes the coffee 

 {Coffea arahica and C. Uherlca), the quinine plant {Cincliona 

 officinalis) and other plants with interesting histories. (Read 

 the history of these plants in an encyclopedia.) 



