THE APPLE 



inserted for safety, and if both grow one is cut out the 



following season. 



A horizontal view of the completed cleft graft is 



shown in Figures 31 and 32, while a perspective view is 

 shown in Figure 33. Should 

 the stock be small, less than 

 an inch in diameter, it should 

 be drawn firmly together with 

 a strong string after the cions 

 have been inserted. In case 

 very large stocks, more than 

 two inches in diameter, must 

 be grafted, it is better either 

 to make two- clefts, as in Fig- 



Fig. 33 -Per- ur g 34 an( j j nser t four cions, 



spective View .. 



of Graft or to crown graft them by 

 inserting the cions under the 

 bark after it will peel, and not split the stock. 



The many methods of grafting, not described here, 

 may be found fully explained in Fuller's or other books 

 on propagation, to which the reader is referred. The 

 points to be kept distinctly in mind in cleft grafting are : 



1. A clean, smooth cut. 



2. A perfect union of the inner bark or cambium 

 layers of the stock and cion. 



3. Rapid work that the cut parts may not be long 

 exposed to the air. 



4. A perfectty air and water tight covering to 

 cover all the cut parts. 



After the cions have been put in and the wedge 

 taken out, the whole cut surface must be covered with 

 grafting wax, to exclude both air and moisture. 



Grafting Wax A very good article of grafting wax 

 may be purchased of seedsmen and dealers in nursery- 

 men's supplies, or it may be made as follows: 



1. Melt together equal parts of beeswax, rosin and 



