64 



SUCCESSFUL FRUIT CULTURE 



Fig. 39-Lever Press 



fruit, as it is pressed in place, and then the permanent 

 head is put on, pressed in place and nailed firmly. The 

 head is now further fastened in 

 place by nailing small, round 

 sticks, called "liners," firmly 

 across the ends or the parts of 

 the head. Some packers loosen 

 the hoops before the head is 

 pressed in, while others cut off 

 a strip from one piece of the 

 head and then press it in 

 without starting the hoops. 

 The latter way is the quicker, 

 and if carefully done is just as 

 well. The corrugated paper board cover should be used 

 where much pressure is required, as for shippers to 

 Europe. 



More care must be exercised in filling the barrels 

 for exporting than for home markets. Some of the 

 fruit will be injured in pressing in the head, and the 

 pressure should be only enough to keep the fruit from 

 shaking in transportation. The name of the variety, the 

 quality, and the name of the grower are to be neatly 

 stenciled on the faced end of the barrel, which should 

 be made smooth and clean, if it is not so when the 

 packing begins. It is the practice of many growers 

 to put their name only on the No. 1 fruit, the seconds 

 going to market with only the name of the variety and 

 the grade upon the barrel. 



In packing in boxes the bottom of the box is taken 

 off, a head is nailed on with half-inch openings, and 

 the fruit is faced as with the barrel and then filled in 

 the same way, pressing it so that it will not shake in 

 shipping. Many attempts have been made to ship 

 apples in boxes to the English market, but in very 

 few cases have they been successful, the boxes being 



