MODEL MILK CLAUSES 459 



Dr Niven reports that the milk clauses in the Manchester 

 Corporation (General Powers) Act, 1899, have been very service- 

 able, and by means of them a large number of tuberculous cows 

 have been removed from Manchester cowsheds.^ The Corporation 

 of Manchester has also carried out an admirable system of control 

 of the milk supplied to the Corporation Fever Hospital. Such 

 milk must contain 3-25 per cent, of fat, and 8-5 per cent, of solids 

 not fat ; it must be derived from cows free from tuberculosis, as 

 tested by tuberculin ; the cows must be properly housed and main- 

 tained in such a condition as required by the Medical Officer of 

 Health of the City ; and the milk is to be furnished cool and 

 fresh. Frequent examinations of the milk and inspections of the 

 cows and cowsheds are also made. 



Other Local Authorities, for example that of Sunderland, have 

 adopted a semi-official control of the milk supply by laying down 

 certain conditions upon which they would encourage the sale of 

 milk. Certificates are issued, stating that such and such milk is 

 produced under special regulations drawn up by the Health 

 Committee of the Corporation. Testing by tuberculin is one of 



(3) Same powers as 6 (i) and 6 (2) in respect of dairies outside the City, 



provided a Justice's Order for inspection be obtained. 



(4) Dairyman must assist Medical Officer of Health in his inspection, 



etc. 



(5) Corporation may serve order on dairyman prohibiting him from 



supplying milk within the borough. If dairy is outside City, notice 

 of this order is to be given to the Local Authority, County Council, 

 and Local Government Board. 



(6) Order to be withdrawn by Corporation when satisfied that the milk is 



no longer dangerous. 



(7) Penalty up to ^5 for contravening Order of Corporation. 



(8) Dairyman not liable for breach of contract due to an order of 



Corporation. 



7. As to public notice of provisions. 



8. As to procedure for recovery of the penalties by the Corporation. 



9. As to expenses incurred by the Corporation. 



10. As to execution of the Act by a Committee of the Corporation. 



Similar clauses to these were introduced into Local Acts between 1899-1901 

 for the Cities and Towns of Manchester, Liverpool, Salford, Stockport, Sheffield, 

 Halifax, Oldham, Bradford, Leeds, Southport, Scarborough, Blackpool, Derby, 

 Harrogate, Ripon, Shipley, etc. Some of these places have, in addition to the 

 "model" milk clauses, special clauses as to appeal {e.g. Liverpool, Bradford, 

 Sheffield). As an example, the Liverpool milk clauses are printed in extenso in 

 Appendix J, p. 569. In the Appendix will also be found a copy of a 

 circular distributed among formers sending milk into Manchester — Appendix 

 K, p. 572. 



^ See Reports on Health of City of Manchester., 1901 and 1902. 



