500 THE CONTROL OF THE MILK SUPPLY 



obtained by me on 190 , at Street, at o'clock 



m., and examined at o'clock m., with the following results : — 



Total solids (by evaporation of weighed amount in platinum basin),. 



Fat (Leffmann-Beam method), Ash (by turning off solids 



obtained as above), Total proteids (Kjeldaht-Gunning method, 



factor 6-25), Preservatives and added colour, none. Specific 



gravity, 



I therefore recommend the milk as coming up to the chemical standards 

 adopted by the Commission. 



I find the milk bottles to be sealed in the manner prescribed by the 

 Commission. 



Yours truly, 



, Chemist. 



The objects of the Commission are to establish correct clinical 

 standards of purity for cow's milk ; to become responsible for a 

 periodical inspection of the dairy under its patronage ; provide for 

 chemical and biological examinations of the product, and the 

 frequent scrutiny of the stock by competent veterinarians. 



Three general requirements or standards of quality for the milk 

 have been formulated : — 



First. An absence of large numbers of micro-organisms and 

 the entire freedom of the milk from pathogenic varieties. 



Second. Unvarying resistance to early fermentative change in 

 the milk, so that it may be kept under ordinary conditions without 

 extraordinary care. 



Third. Having a constant nutritive value of known chemical 

 composition and a uniform relation between the percentage of the 

 fats, proteids, and carbohydrates.^ 



Similar companies or commissions exist in New York,^ New 

 Jersey,^ Boston, and other cities and districts.* The New York 

 Commission lays down a standard of milk for certification as con- 

 taining 3-5 per cent, of fat, 2 per cent, of acidity, and not more than 



^ Seventeenth Annual Report of the Bureau of Animal Industry (U.S.A. 

 Department of Agriculture), 1900, p. 174. 



^ On very similar lines to the Philadelphia system, and largely due to the 

 influence of Dr Chapin. 



^ One of the largest and most successful model dairies in America is located 

 in New Jersey. Its success is due to the support which it has received from a 

 Milk Commission organised for its exclusive benefit a few years ago. There are 

 now over 400 cows supplying more than 4000 quarts of milk daily, sold at 9 cents 

 a quart to the producer. The suggestion for the establishment of this Com- 

 mission originated with Dr Henry L. Coit of Newark, New Jersey, some ten 

 years ago. 



* The Australian Health Society arranged for the provision of certified milk 

 under much the same conditions as the American Commissions in 1897. 



