CONTENTS 

 CHAPTER I 



PAGE 



PLANTS, FUNGI AND INSECTS . . . . I 



Herbs, shrubs and trees; roots, stems, leaves and flowers; 

 propagation by seed and by grafting; physiological functions 

 of a plant; respiration, water-absorption, transpiration, 

 elaboration and translocation of food. Fungi : reproduction ; 

 parasites and saprophytes ; moulds and mildews ; means of 

 combating attacks. Insects : stages of life ; metamorphosis ; 

 caterpillars ; methods of treatment. 



CHAPTER II 



THE MEASUREMENT OF RESULTS ..... l6 

 Difficulties peculiar to horticultural experiments; number of 

 trees required in each plot ; number of varieties to be examined ; 

 pruning and thinning difficulties; length of time required; 

 the crops ; measurements of growth and vigour ; general 

 agreement of different methods of measurement; expression 

 of the results ; proportionate percentages ; taking means. 



CHAPTER III 



TRENCHING ......... 25 



Bastard trenching ; the soils examined ; smallness of the effect 

 in altering the character of the soil, and the growth of plants 

 in it ; adverse effect of trenching on gooseberries and currants. 



CHAPTER IV 



PLANTING ......... 30 



Results of rough planting; effect on fruiting; items consti- 

 tuting rough planting; injury to roots; the Stringfellow 

 method ; unimportance of trimming ; removal of fibrous 

 roots ; roots huddled together ; deep planting of stocks ; 

 difference in the behaviour of paradise and other stocks ; 

 effect of ramming; loose planting; effect of ramming on the 

 soil ; preliminary retardation of growth by ramming ; no 

 results in light soil. 



