UNIVERSITIES, SCHOOLS, MTDENTS. 



vestra ; " and this formula, which applied to all the protocols, also figured at 

 the heading of all the diplomas issued by the masters and addressed to the 

 students. It is easy to understand that the word inticersitft*, gradually 



Fig. 2. Seal of the French Nation ' 

 (Fourteenth Century). 



Fig. 4. Seal of the English Nation 

 (Fourteenth Century). 



Fig. 3. Counter-Seal of the French Nation 



(Fourteenth Century). 



Fig. 5. Counter-Seal of the English Nation 

 (Fourteenth Century). 



From the Sigillographic Collection in. the National Archives. 



assuming a special or limited meaning, was finally taken to mean the 

 University or whole body of students, then the establishment itself to which 

 these students belonged, and, lastly, the large quarter of the town which was 

 almost exclusively reserved for them on the left bank of the Seine. 



