PHILOSOPHIC SCIENCES. 



Annihilation of the Pngan Philosophy. New Christian Philosophy. Martianus CapelU. 

 Boethius and Cassiodorus. Isidore of Seville. Bede, Alcuin, and Raban Maurns. John 

 Scotus Erigena. Origin of Scholasticism. Gerhert. Realism and Nominalism. Be ranger of 

 Tours. Roscelin and St. Anselm. William of Champeaux and Abelard. Gilbert de la Porree 

 and St. Bernard. Amaury de Bene. Alhertus Magnus and St. Thomas Aquinas. The 

 Franciscans and tho Dominicans. William of Ockham. Decadence of Scho'asticism. 

 Platonists and Aristotelians. The Philosophy of the Renaissance. The Lutheran Schools. 

 P. K UMHS. Montaigne. 



HE love of knowledge, says Aristotle, is 

 natural to all men. It is the passion to 

 which the wise men of antiquity were 

 slaves, and which still inflames the learned 

 in our own day. It is the source of all 

 science and of all philosophy. From 

 an etymological point of view, what is 

 philosophy ? It is the love of knowledge. 

 The Middle Ages, notwithstanding the 

 ardour of religious faith at that period, 

 were not without philosophy ; for during 

 that period, memorable for the fervour 



of belief, the human heart was not insensible to the noble passion which is 

 innate in it of knowing and understanding all things. Men sought with 

 more or less 'success to discover the truth, and hence resulted the various 

 aspects which the philosophy of the Middle Ages offers to those who study it. 

 In the first centuries of the Christian era, when the traditions of the 

 schools of antiquity seem lost, the cultivation of science was abandoned by 

 all save a few, and even with them the whole of their philosophy consisted 

 in a few ill-defined aphorisms. They were succeeded by a few bold thinkers, 

 who, anxious to obtain the credit of being thought masters, put forth the 



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