1 5 o MEDICAL SCIENCES. 



having been wounded in the Crusade, and not having in his army a surgeon 

 . able to cure him, was obliged to put himself under the care of the Greek 

 doctors at Byzantium, and he doubtless acted under the advice of the 

 Emperor Manuel, who prided himself upon his knowledge of medicine and 

 surgery. It was the Emperor Manuel who afterwards dressed with his own 

 hands the wounds of Baldwin II., King of Jerusalem ; and he was noted for 

 his adroitness in bleeding, and for his discovery of potions and ointments 

 which had the reputation of being very beneficial. Unfortunately the 

 superstitious ideas of his time made him the blind slave of astrology. 



At about the same period the schools of the Iberian peninsula produced 



Fig. 104. Counter-Seal 

 Fig. 103. Seal of the Faculty of Medicine, of the Faculty of Medicine, Paris 



Paris (Fourteenth Century). (Fourteenth Century). 



From the Collection of Seals in the National Archives, Paris. 



three men of genius : Ebn-Beithar, a doctor and naturalist, most of whose 

 works have been lost ; Abenzoar, who, with no other guide than observation 

 and method, practised medicine, surgery, and pharmacy with the greatest 

 success, and whose " Taisyr," a vast compendium of contemporary science, 

 translated into Latin, long enjoyed a well-merited reputation ; and, lastly, 

 the famous Aver roes, who, at Cordova, publicly taught philosophy, juris- 

 prudence, and medicine with such boldness and independence that he was 

 obliged to fly from Spain to Morocco, where, notwithstanding some further 

 proceedings, he was able to compose a remarkable commentary upon the 

 writings of Aristotle (1217) The Jewish and Mahometan schools of Cordova 



