MEDICAL SCIENCES. 



65 



After thirty years of apparent concord between the surgeons and barbers 

 of Paris, the quarrel broke out afresh. Upon the 14th of May, 1423, the 

 surgeons obtained from the provost of the city an order " forbidding generally 

 all persons, of whatsoever estate or condition, who are not surgeons, even of 

 barbers, from exercising or practising surgery." This order was proclaimed, 

 to the sound of the trumpet, at all the street-corners ; but the barbers appealed 

 to the provost, who, upon the 4th of November, 1424, withdrew his own 

 decree. The surgeons, having appealed, but in vain, to the Parliament, 

 resolved not to visit any patient who had been attended by a barber. But 



Fig. 114. A German Surgeon. Fac-simile of a Wood Engraving, attributed to Holbein, and 

 taken from the German Translation of the " Consolation of Philosophy," by Boethiua, 

 Augsburg Edition, 1537, in folio. 



the barbers shortly after this obtained formal recognition of the rights which 

 they had been so long insisting upon, for Colonet Candillon, first barber and 

 valet of the chamber to a regent and two kings of France, was invested with 

 the title of maistrc et garde du mcstier, with the right of delegating his 

 authority in the principal towns of the kingdom to lieutenants, who were to 

 have the exclusive right of inspection over all the barbers. The latter formed 

 at this period a numerous association, to become a master of which it was 

 necessary to pass an examination before a jury appointed by one of the 



