I 7 2 



MEDICAL SCIENCES. 



Lausanne and Berne, while the Universities of Leipsic, Ingolstadt, and 

 Wittemberg, awakening from their long slumbers, and taking the Italian 

 schools as their models, recovered their ancient renown with anatomists and 

 doctors such as Cannani, Cesalpino, Fallopio, and Eustachi. Wherever 

 there were several doctors, they formed a homogeneous and compact body, 

 solidly constituted, and jealous of their rights and privileges ; for though the 



Fig. 123. Andrew Vesalius. Wood Engraving, after the Design of J. de Calcar, Pupil of Titian. 

 In the Library of M. Ambroiae Firmin-Didot, Paris. 



doctors quarrelled amongst themselves, they would not allow any one else to 

 interfere with their prerogatives. 



While the Universities of Salamanca, Alcala, Henarez, Toledo, Valencia, 

 and Coimbra regained, so to speak, the success which the Arabs and the Jews 

 had accomplished during the Middle Ages, there arrived upon the medical 

 stage of France, which is always in the van of progress as of revolution, 

 the famous founder of anatomical science, Andrew Vesalius (Fig. 123), born 

 at Brussels in 1514, Brissot, Fernel, Sylvius, and Ranchin. But the 



