ARCHAEOLOGY 



AND 



HISTORY OF ART 1 



In the development of Archaeology from a "handmaid 

 of Philology" into a definite science, with its own tradi- 

 tions and methods of procedure (which is one of the most 

 characteristic achievements of the nineteenth century), 

 French scholars have played an important part. 



CHAMPOLLION'S discovery of the key to the Egyptian 

 hieroglyphic writing ranks first, perhaps, in the record 

 of their achievements; but his is only one among many 

 prominent names. In the same field of Egyptology, 

 MARIETTE will always be remembered as the discoverer 

 of the tombs of the Apis bulls and of many other monu- 

 ments, and as the organizer of the great museum in 

 Cairo. And the rapid advance in knowledge of ancient 

 Egypt in recent years is very largely due to MASPERO, 

 the learned and broad-minded Director General of the 

 Department of Antiquities under the Egyptian govern- 

 ment for many years before his death in June, 1916. The 

 exploration of the Syrian region and the study of Semitic 

 epigraphy and archaeology owe much to RENAN, though 

 his great fame rests on his "Life of Jesus" and other 

 works not strictly archaeological in character. In the fasci- 

 nating story of research in Babylonia and Assyria, the work 

 of BOTTA and PLACE in exploring the palace of Sargon at 

 Khorsabad (the first of the great palaces of this region to 



1 [Drafting Committee: GEORGE H. CHASE, Harvard University; 

 HAROLD N. FOWLER, Western Reserve University; A. L. FROTHINGHAM, 

 Princeton University; J. R. WHEELER, Columbia University. ED.] 



