XX11 ARTIFICIAL KEY TO THE NATURAL ORDERS. 



Placenta in the axis or the base of the cell. 



Stamens 6, alternate with the 5 sepals. Glaux In PRIMULA CEJB, 270 



Stamens opposite the sepals when of the same number. CARYOPHYLLACEffi, 52 



* * Ovary or its cells containing only 1 or 2 (rarely 3) ovules. 



- Pistils more than one, and distinct or nearly so. 



Stamens inserted on the calyx. Leaves with stipules. ROSACES, 110 



Stamens inserted on the receptacle. 



Leaves punctate, with pellucid dots. Ovaries stalked. Zanthoxylum in RUTACE^E, 74 

 Leaves not dotted. 



Calyx present, usually colored or petal-like. RANUNCULACILE, 2 



Calyx absent. Flowers entirely naked, but perfect, spiked. SAURURACE.3E, 383 



t- -i- Pistil one, compound : ovary 2 - IQ-ceUed. 



Ovary coherent with the calyx-tube (inferior), 3 - 4-celled. / HALORAGKE, 129 



Ovary free. (Calyx sometimes wanting.) 



Herbs, aquatic. Fruit 4-celled, indehiscent, nut-like : styles 2. CALLITRICHACE^l, 384 

 Herbs. Fruit splitting into 2 or 3 two-valved pods. EUPHORBIACE.E, 386 



Herbs. Fruit a 10-celled and 10-seeded berry. PHYTOLACCACE2E, 361 



Heath-like undershrubs. Drupe 3 - 9-celled. EMPETRAC1LE, 393 



Shrubs or trees. Fruit a berry -like drupe or a samara. 



Ovule solitary in each cell, erect. Stamens alternate with the sepals. RHAMNACEJE, 78 

 Ovule solitary in each cell, suspended. ULMACE3E, 394 



Ovules a pair in each cell : these 



Horizontal or ascending. Fruit a double samara. ACERINE2E, 82 



Suspended or pendulous. Fruit a single samara or a drupe. OLEACEJ3, 356 



i- - - Pistil one (simple or compound), 1-celled, I-seeded. 

 Ovary coherent with the calyx-tube. 



Stigma extending down the whole length of one side of the style. 



Stamen 1. Aquatic herbs. Seed suspended. Hippuris in HALORAGEJE, 129 



Stamens 6-10. Trees. Seed suspended. Nyssa in CORNACE2E, 160 



Stigma terminal, with or without a style. 



Anthers 3-4, sessile. Woody parasites on trees. LORANTHACEJ5, 382 



Anthers 5, on filaments. SANTALACE3E, 381 



Ovary free, sometimes enclosed in the calyx-tube, but not adherent to it. 

 Stipules forming closed sheaths at the joints. 



Calyx conspicuous, often colored or petal-like. Herbs. POLYGONACE3E, 371 



Calyx none. Trees: flowers in heads. PLATANACEJS, 400 



Stipules not sheathing, often none. 



Stamens 8-24, more numerous than the lobes of the calyx. 



Anthers opening by uplifted valves. Leaves pellucid-dotted. LAURACEE, 378 



Anthers opening lengthwise. 



Shrubs, with dotless and silvery-scurfy leaves. EL^AGNACE^I, 380 



Shrubs, with entire and dotless leaves. THYMELACE^E, 380 



Aquatic herbs, with finely dissected leaves. CERATOPHYLLACEZE, 383 



Stamens 1-6, equalling or fewer than the calyx-lobes. 

 Embryo coiled around the outside of the albumen. 



Flowers scarious-bracted. AMARANTACE2E, 367 



Flowers not scarious-bracted. 



Calyx colored, imitating a monopetalous corolla. NYCTAGINACEJE, 360 



Calyx herbaceous or scarious. CHENOPODIACE^E, 361 



Embryo coiled or bent, without albumen, j 



Embryo straight in the axis of albumen. [ TJRTICACE33, 394 



Radicle superior. Style and stigma 1. * 



Radicle inferior. Stigmas 3, two-cleft. EUPHORBIACEJE, 385 



Embryo straight : albumen none. 



Flowers polygamous. Ptanera, &c. in URTICACE^!, 394 



Flowers perfect Stamens on the calyx. ROSACES, 110 



