20 BERBERIDACEJE. (BARBERRY FAMILY.) 



notched at the apex ; berries oval (otherwise as in No. 1, of which Dr. Hooker 

 deems it a variety, perhaps with reason). Alleghanies of Virginia and south- 

 ward : not in Canada. June. Shrub 1 - 3 high. 



B. (MAH6NIA) AQUIF6LIDM, Pursh, of Western N. America, belonging 

 to a section of the genus with mostly evergreen pinnate leaves and blue ber- 

 ri es> is not rare in cultivation, as an ornamental shrub. 



2. CAUL,OPHYL,L,UM, Michx. BLUE COHOSH. 



Sepals 6, with 3 small bractlets at the base, ovate-oblong. Petals 6 thick and 

 gland-like somewhat kidney-shaped or hooded bodies, with short claws, much 

 smaller than the sepals, one at the base of each of them. Stamens 6 : anthers 

 Oblong. Pistil gibbous : style short : stigma minute and unilateral : ovary 

 bursting soon after flowering by the pressure of the 2 erect, enlarging seeds, 

 and withering away ; the spherical seeds naked on their thick seed-stalks, look- 

 ing like drupes ; the fleshy integument turning blue : albumen of the texture of 

 horn. A perennial glabrous herb, with matted knotty rootstocks, sending up 

 in early spring. a simple and naked stem, terminated by a small raceme or pani- 

 cle of yellowish-green flowers, and a little below bearing a large triternately 

 compound leaf without any common petiole (whence the name, from KctvAor, 

 stem, and (vXAoi>, leaf; the stem seeming to form a stalk for the great leaf). 

 Leaflets obovate-wedge-form, 2-3-lobed. 



1. C. thalictroides, Michx. (Also called PAPPOOSE-ROOT.) Leoo- 

 tice thalictroides, L. Deep rich woods. April, May. Stems 1-2| high. 

 Flowers appearing while the leaf is yet small. A smaller biternate leaf often 

 at the base of the panicle. Whole plant glaucous when young, also the seeds, 

 which are of the size of large peas. 



3. DIPHYI^EIA, Michx. UMBRELLA-LEAF. 



Sepals 6, fugacious. Petals 6, oval, flat, larger than the sepals. Stamens 6 : 

 anthers oblong. Ovary oblong : style hardly any : stigma depressed. Ovules 5 

 or 6, attached to one side of the cell below the middle. Berry few-seeded. 

 Seeds oblong, with no aril. A perennial glabrous herb, with thick horizontal 

 rootstocks, sending up each year either a huge, centrally peltate and cut-lobed, 

 rounded, umbrella-like radical leaf on a stout stalk, or a flowering stem bearing 

 two similar (but smaller and more 2-cleft) alternate leaves which are peltate near 

 one margin, and terminated by a cyme of white flowers. (Name composed of 

 dls, twice, and $v\\ov, leaf.) 



1. I>. cymosa, Michx. Wet or springy places, mountains of Virginia 

 and southward. May. Boot-leaves l-2 in diameter, 2-cleft, each division 

 5 - 7-lobed ; lobes toothed. Berries blue. 



4. JEFFERS6N1A, Barton TWIN-LEAP 



Sepals 4, fugacious. Petals 8, oblong, flat. Stamens 8 : anthers oblong- 

 linear, on slender filaments. Ovary ovoid, soon gibbous, pointed : stigma 2- 

 lobed. Pod pear-shaped, opening half-way round horizontally, the upper part 



