ROSACE^E. (ROSE FAMILY.) 121 



1-3-flowered. Wooded hill-sides, Rhode Island to Penn., Wisconsin, and 

 northward. June. Sepals and petals often 6 or 7. 



+-*-' Stems biennial and woody, prickly : receptacle oblong : fruit hemispherical. 



5. R. Strigosus, Michx. (WILD BED RASPBERRY.) Stems upright, 

 and with the stalks, &c. beset with stiff straight bristles (some of them becoming 

 weak hooked prickles), glandular when young, somewhat glaucous ; leaflets 3- 

 5, oblong-ovate, pointed, cut-serrate, whitish-downy underneath ; the lateral ses- 

 sile ; petals as long as the sepals ; fruit light red. Thickets and hills ; common, 

 especially northward. Fruit ripening from June to Aug., finely flavored, but 

 more tender and watery than the Garden or European Raspberry (R. Idceus), 

 which it too closely resembles. 



6. R. occidentalis, L. (BLACK RASPBERRY. THIMBLEBERRY.) 



Glaucous all over ; stems recurved, armed like the stalks, &c. with hooked prickles, 

 not bristly; leaflets 3 (rarely 5), ovate, pointed, coarsely doubly serrate, whitened- 

 downy underneath ; the lateral ones somewhat stalked ; petals shorter than the 

 sepals ; fruit purple-black. Thickets and fields, especially where the ground has 

 been burned over. May. Fruit ripe early in July, pleasant. (Some curious 

 forms are known, with fruit intermediate between this and the last.) 



^ 2. Fruit, or collective drupes, not separating from the juicy receptacle, mostly ovate 

 or oblong, blackish. (BLACKBERRY.) 



7. R. villdsus, Ait. (COMMON or HIGH BLACKBERRY.) Shrubby 

 (l-6high), furrowed, upright or reclining, armed with stout curved prickles; 

 branchlets, stalks, and lower surface of the leaves hairy and glandular ; leaflets 3 

 (or pedately 5), ovate, pointed, unequally serrate ; the terminal one somewhat 

 heart-shaped, conspicuously stalked; flowers racemed, numerous, bracts sbort; 

 sepals linear-pointed, much shorter than the obovate-oblong spreading petals. 

 Var. 1 . FROND6sus : smoother and much less glandular ; flowers more corym- 

 bose, with leafy bracts ; petals roundish. Var. 2. HDMiFtisus : trailing, small- 

 er; peduncles few-flowered. Borders of thickets, &c., common. May, June, 

 the pleasant large fruit ripe in Aug. and Sept. Plant very variable in size, 

 aspect, and shape of the fruit. 



8. R. CanadensiS, L. (Low BLACKBERRY* DEWBERRY.) Shrubby, 

 extensively trailing, slightly prickly ; leaflets 3 (or pedately 5-7), oval or ovate- 

 lanceolate, mostly pointed, thin, nearly smooth, sharply cut-serrate ; flowers ra- 

 cemed, with leaf-like bracts. (R. trivialis, Pursh, BigeL, Sfc. ; not of Michx.) 

 Rocky or gravelly hills, common. May ; ripening its large and sweet fruit 

 earlier than No. 7. 



9. R. hispid us, L. (RUNNING SWAMP-BLACKBERRY.) Stems slender, 

 somewhat shrubby, extensively procumbent, beset with small reflexed prickles ; leaflets 3 

 (or rarely pedately 5), smooth, thickish, mostly persistent, obovate, obtuse, coarsely 

 serrate, entire towards the base ; peduncles leafless, several-flowered, often bristly ; 

 flowers small. (R. obovalis, Michx. R. sempervirens and R. setosus, Bigelow.) 

 Low woods, common northward. June. Flowering shoots short, ascend- 

 ing, the sterile forming long runners. Fruit of a few large grains, red or pur- 

 ple, sour. 



11 



