ROSACEJE. (ROSE FAMILY.) 123 



5. R. RUBIGIN&SA, L. (TRUE SWEET-BRIER.) Climbing high; prickles 

 numerous, the larger ones strong and hooked, and the smaller awl-shaped; leaflets 

 doubly serrate, rounded at the base ; downy and clothed with fragrant russet 

 glands beneath ; fruit pear-shaped or obovate, crowned with the persistent calyx-lobes 

 Eoad-sides and thickets. June -Aug. (Nat. from Eu.) 



6. R. MICRANTHA, Smith. (SMALLER-FL. SWEET-BRIER.) Prickles uni- 

 form and hooked; fruit elliptical and ovate; calyx-lobes deciduous; flowers smaller : 

 otherwise as No. 5. E. New England. (Nat. from Eu.) 



SUBORDER HI. P6]WE^E. THE PEAR FAMILY. 

 16. CRAT-3EOUS, L. HAWTHORN. WHITE THORN. 



Calyx-tube urn-shaped, the limb 5-cleft. Petals 5, roundish. Stamens many, 

 or only 10-5. Styles 1-5. Fruit (calyx-tube) fleshy, containing 1 - 5 bony 

 1 -seeded carpels. Thorny shrubs or small trees, with simple and mostly lobed 

 leaves, and white (rarely rose-colored) blossoms. (Name from Kpdros, strength, 

 on account of the hardness of the wood.) 



*- Fruit very small, depressed-globose (not larger than peas), bright red: flowers small: 

 calyx-teeth short and broad: styles 5 : plants glabrous andglandless throughout. 



1. C spntlnilfttfl, Michx. Leaves thickish and shining, spatulateor oblan- 

 ceolate, with a long tapering base, crenate above, rarely cut-lobed, nearly sessile. 

 Virginia and southward. May. Shrub 10 - 15 high. 



2. C. cordata, Ait. (WASHINGTON THORN.) Leaves broadly ovate or 

 triangular, mostly truncate or a little heart-shaped at the base, on a dender petiole, 

 variously 3 - 5-cleft or cut, and serrate. Virginia, Kentucky, and southward. 

 June. Trunk 15 - 25 high. 



- +- Fruit small ('- J' long), ovoid, deep red: flowers rather large : styles 1-3. 



3. C. OXYACANTHA, L. (ENGLISH HAWTHORN.) Smooth ; leaves obovate, 

 cut-lobed and toothed, wedge-form at the base ; calyx not glandular. May. 

 More or less spontaneous as well as cultivated. (Adv. from Eu.) 



4. C. apiifolia, Michx. Softly pubescent when young, becoming gla- 

 brous ; leaves roundish, with a broad truncate or slightly heart-shaped base, pin- 

 nately 5 - 7-cleft, with the crowded divisions cut-lobed and sharply serrate ; 

 petioles slender ; calyx-lobes glandular-toothed, slender. Virginia and south- 

 ward. March, April. 



-*- *- Fruit large ('-' long), red; flowers large: styles and stones of the fruit 

 even in the same species 1-3 (when the fruit is ovoid or pear-shaped) or 4-5 (when 

 the fruit is globular) : stipules, calyx-teeth, bracts, Sj-c. often beset with glands. 



5. C. coccinea, L. (SCARLET-FRUITED THORN.) Glabrous through- 

 out ; leaves thin, roundish-ovate, sharply toothed and cut, or somewhat cut-lobed, 

 usually abrupt at the base, on slender petioles ; flowers white, often with a rosy 

 tinge (' broad); fruit bright scarlet-red, ovoid (' broad), scarcely edible. 

 Thickets and rocky banks ; common. May. A low tree. 



