COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 187 



middle, tapering to the base, the lower slightly petioled ; scales of the short invo- 

 lucre obtuse. (Leaves sometimes 3 in a whorl, or the upper alternate.) Damp 

 soil, Virginia and southward. 



6. E. altissimum, L. Stem stout and tall (c-7 high), downy; leaves 

 lanceolate, tapering at both ends, conspicuously 3-nerved, entire, or toothed above the 

 middle, the uppermost alternate ; corymbs dense ; scales of the involucre obtuse, 

 shorter than the flowers. Dry soil, Penn. to Wisconsin and Kentucky. 

 Leaves 3' - 4' long, somewhat like those of a Solidago. 



7. E. :ilblim, L. Eoughish-hairy (2 high) ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, coarse- 

 ly-toothed, veiny ; heads clustered in the corymb ; scales of the involucre closely 

 imbricated, rigid, narrowly lanceolate, pointed, white and scarious above, longer 

 than the flowers. Sandy and barren places, pine barrens of New Jersey to Vir- 

 ginia and southward. 



8. E. teucrifdlium, Willd. Eoughish-pubescent (2 -3 high) ; leaves 

 ovate-oblong and ovate-lanceolate, obtuse or truncate at the base, slightly triple- 

 nerved, veiny, coarsely toothed towards the base, the upper ones alternate ; branches 

 of the corymb few, unequal ; scales of the involucre oblong-lanceolate, rather obtuse, 

 at length shorter than thefiowers. (E. verbensefolium, Michx.) Low grounds, 

 Massachusetts to Virginia and southward, near the coast. Leaves sometimes 

 cut into a few very deep teeth. 



9. E. rotimdifolium, L. Downy-pubescent (2 high) ; leaves round- 

 ish-ovate, obtuse, truncate or slightly heart-shaped at the base, deeply crenate- 

 toothed, triple-nerved, veiny, roughish (l / -2'long); corymb large and dense; 

 Kales of the (5-flowered) involucre linear-lanceolate, slightly pointed. Dry soil, 

 Bhode Island to Virginia, near the coast, and southward. 



10. E. pubescens, Muhl. Pubescent; leaves ovate, mostly acute, slightly 

 truncate at the base, serrate-toothed, somewhat triple-nerved, veiny ; scales of the 

 7 - 8-flowered involucre lanceolate, acute. (E. ovatum, Bigel.) Massachusetts to 

 New Jersey, near the coast, and Kentucky. Like the last, but larger. 



11. E. sessilifolium, L. (UPLAND BONESET.) Stem tall (4 -6 

 high), smooth, branching; leaves lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, tapering from near the 

 rounded sessile base to the sharp point, serrate, veiny, smooth (3' - 6' long) ; corymb 

 very compound, pubescent; scales of the 5- (or 5 -12-?) flowered involucre oval 

 and oblong, obtuse. Copses and banks, Massachusetts to Ohio, and southward 

 along the mountains. 



+--- Leaves opposite, clasping or united at the base, long and widely spreading 

 heads 10 15-flowered : corymbs very compound and large. 



12. E. resinosnm, Torr. Minutely velvety-downy (2 -3 high); leaves 

 linear-lanceolate, elongated, serrate, partly clasping at the base, tapering to the 

 point, slightly veiny beneath (4'- 6' long) ; scales of the involucre oval, obtuse. 

 Wet pine barrens, New Jersey. Name from the copious resinous globules 

 of the leaves. 



13. E. pcrfoluituin, L. (THOROUGHWORT. BONESET.) Stem stout 

 (2 -4 high), hairy; leaves lanceolate, united at the base around the stem (connate- 

 perfoliate), tapering to a slender point, serrate, very veiny, wrinkled, downy 



