COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 199 



7. E. strigfosuni, Muhl. (DAISY FLEABANE.) Stem panicled-corym- 

 bose at the summit, roughish like the leaves with minute oppressed hairs, or almost 

 smooth; leaves entire or nearly so, the upper lanceolate, scattered, the lowest 

 oblong or spatulate, tapering into a slender petiole ; rays white, twice the length 

 of the minutely hairy involucre. (E. integrifolium, Bigel.) Fields, &c. ; com- 

 mon. June - Aug. Stem smaller and more simple than the last, with smaller 

 heads but longer rays. 



5. ERIGERfDIUM, Torr. & Gr. Rays about 30, in a single row, rather 

 broad: pappus simple: achenia mostly ^nerved: not perennial. 



8. E. verimm, Torr. & Gr. Glabrous; leaves clustered at the root, 

 oval or spatulate; scape leafless, slender (l-2 high), bearing 5-12 small 

 corymbed heads ; rays white. (E. nudicaule, Michx. Aster vernus, L.) Low 

 grounds, E. Virginia and southward. May. 



15. DIPL.OPAPPUS, Cass. DOUBLE-BRISTLED ASTER. 



Heads many-flowered, radiate ; the rays 8-12, pistillate. Scales of the invo- 

 lucre imbricated, appressed, narrow, 1 -nerved or keeled, destitute of herbaceous 

 tips. Receptacle flat, alveolate. Achenia flattish. Pappus double ; the outer 

 of very short and small stiff bristles, the inner of capillary bristles as long as 

 the disk-corolla. Perennials with corymbose or simple heads : disk-flowers yel- 

 low ; rays white or violet. (Name composed of SwrAoos, double, and TraTTTroy, 

 pappus, the character which distinguishes the genus from Aster.) 



$ 1. Rays violet, showy: head solitary, pretty large: involucre much imbricated, 

 achenia silky : bristles of the inner pappus all alike. 



1. I>. linariifolius, Hook. Stems (6' -20' high), several from the 

 same woody root, mostly simple, very leafy; leaves rigid, spreading, linear, 

 strongly 1 -nerved, smooth, with very rough margins. Dry soil; common. 

 Sept., Oct. 



$ 2. Rays white: heads small, corymbed: involucre shorter than the disk, imbricated 

 in about 3 rows : achenia smoothish : bristles of the inner pappus unequal, some of 

 them thickened at the tip : leaves large, scattered, membranaceous, veiny, entire. 



2. D. umbellatUS, Torr. & Gr. Smooth, leafy to the top (2 -6 

 high) ; leaves lanceolate, elongated, taper-pointed and tapering at the base (3 '-6' 

 long) ; heads veiy numerous in compound flat corymbs ; scales of the involucre 

 rather closely imbricated, obtusish. Moist thickets ; common, especially north 

 ward. Aug. 



3. D. amygdalinus, Torr. & Gr. Smooth or roughish above, leafy ; 

 leaves ovate-lanceolate, acute, abruptly narrowed at the base ; scales of the involu- 

 cre loosely imbricated, obtuse. Low grounds, New Jersey, Penn., and south- 

 ward. Aug. Very near the last, usually lower, roughei , and with broader and 

 shorter leaves. 



4. D. COrnifdlillS, Darl. Stem (l-2 high) pubescent, bearing few 

 heads on divergent peduncles ; leaves elliptical or ovate-lanceolate, conspicuously point- 

 ed at both ends, ciliate, hairy on the veins underneath. Woodlands, E. Massa- 

 chusetts to Kentucky, and southward along the mountains. July - Sept. 



