COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 207 



2O. BIGEL.6VIA, DC. RAYLESS GOLDEN-ROD 



I 



Heads 3 - 4-flowered, the flowers all perfect and tubular : rays none. Invo- 

 lucre club-shaped, yellowish ; the rigid somewhat glutinous scales linear, closely 

 imbricated and appressed. Receptacle narrow, with an awl-shaped prolongation 

 in the centre. Achenia somewhat obconical, hairy. Pappus a single row of 

 capillary bristles. A perennial smooth herb; the slender stem (1- 2 high) 

 simple or branched from the base, naked above, corymbose at the summit, bear- 

 ing small heads in a flat-topped corymb. Flowers yellow. Leaves scattered, 

 oblanceolate or linear, 1-3-nerved. (Dedicated by De Candolle to Dr. Jacob 

 Bigelow, author of the Florula Bostoniensis, and of the American Medical 

 Botany.) 



1. B. liudata, DC. Low pine barrens, New Jersey and southward. 

 Sept. 



21. CHRYSOPSIS, Nutt. GOLDEN ASTER. 



Heads many-flowered, radiate ; the rays numerous, pistillate. Scales of tho 

 involucre linear, imbricated, without herbaceous tips. Receptacle flat. Achenia 

 obovate or linear-oblong, flattened, haiiy. Pappus of all the flowers double, 

 the outer a set of very short and somewhat chaffy bristles, the inner of elongated 

 capillary bristles. Chiefly perennial low herbs, woolly or hairy, with rather 

 large often corymbose heads terminating the brandies. Disk and ray-flowers 

 yellow. (Name composed of xpwos, gold, and o^is, aspect, from the golden 



% Leaves narrowly lanceolate or linear : achenia linear. 



1. C. gramini folia, Nutt. Silvery-silky with long close-pressed hairs; 

 stem slender, naked above, the few heads closely corymbed ; leaves lanceolate or 

 linear, elongated, grass-like, nerved, shining, entire. Dry sandy soil, Delaware to 

 Virginia, and southward. July - Oct. 



2. C. falcata, Ell. Stems (4' -10' high) very woolly; leaves crowded, 

 linear, rigid, about 3-nerved, entire, somewhat recurved or scythe-shaped, hairy, or 

 smooth when old, sessile ; heads (small) corymbed. Dry sandy soil on the 

 coast, pine barrens of New Jersey to Nantucket, Massachusetts. Aug. 



* * Leaves oblong or lanceolate, entire or slightly serrate, mostly sessile, veined, not 

 nerved; achenia obovate, flattened. 



3. C. gOSSypina, Nutt. Densely woolly all over; leaves oblong, obtuse, 

 (l'-2' long); heads larger than in the next. Pine barrens, Virginia and 

 southward. Aug. - Oct. 



4. C. Mariana, Nutt. Silky with long and weak hairs, or when old 

 emoothish ; leaves oblong ; heads corymbed, on glandular peduncles. Dry bar- 

 rens, from New York southward, near the coast. Aug. - Oct. 



5. C. Villosa, Nutt. Hirsute and villous-pubescent ; stem corymbosely 

 branched, the branches terminated by single short-peduncled heads ; leaves nar- 

 rowly oblong, hoary with rough pubescence (as also the involucre), bristiy-ciliate 

 toward the base. Dry plains and prairies, Wisconsin to Kentucky, and west- 

 ward. July -Sept. 



