218 COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 



pointed, serrate, rough above, rounded or acute at the base, petio]ed, rough 

 above, hoary and downy beneath ; scales of the involucre lance-awl-shaped, slight- 

 ly ciliate. Dry plains, Ohio to Illinois, and southwestward. Probably runs 

 into the last. 



12. H. tomeiltdsus, Michx. Stem hairy, stout (4 -8 high); leaves 

 oblong-lanceolate, or the lowest ovate, taper-pointed, obscurely serrate, large (5'- 12 

 long), somewhat petioled, very rough above, soft-downy beneath ; scales of the in- 

 volucre with very long and spreading tips, hairy, the chaff and tips of the disk- 

 flowers pubescent. (Disk 1' broad; rays 12-16, 1' long.) Rich woods, Illi- 

 nois ? Virginia and southward along the mountains. 



*- -- Leaves opposite, or the uppermost alternate, 3-nerved or triple-ribbed. 



13. H. Strumosus, L. Stem rather simple (3 -4 high), smooth be- 

 low ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, tapering gradually to a point, serrate with small oppressed 

 teeth, abruptly contracted into short margined petioles, rough above, whitish and 

 naked or minutely downy underneath ; scales of the involucre broadly lanceolate 

 with spreading tips, equalling the disk; rays mostly 10. Var. M6LLIS has the 

 leaves softly downy underneath. Eiver-banks and low copses ; common, espe- 

 cially westward. 



14. H. divaricatllS, L. Stem simple or forked and corymbed at tho 

 top (l-4 high) smooth; leaves all opposite and divaricate, ovate-lanceolate, 3- 

 nervedfrom the rounded or truncate sessile base, tapering gradually to a sharp point 

 (3' - 6' long), serrate, thickish, rough both sides ; scales of the involucre lanceolate 

 from a broad base, pointed, equalling the disk ; rays 8-12. Thickets and bar- 

 rens; common. Disk ' wide; rays 1' long. 



1 5. H. hirsutllS, Raf. Stem simple or forked above, stout ( 1 - 2 high), 

 bristly-hairy / leaves more or less petioled, ovate-lanceolate, gradually pointed, slightly 

 serrate, rounded or obtuse at the base, very rough above, rough-hairy underneath ; 

 scales of the involucre ovate-lanceolate, pointed, equalling the disk ; rays about 

 12. Dry plains, &e., Ohio to Illinois, and southward. Too near the last. 



16. H. traclieliifolius, Willd. Stem loosely branched, tall, hairy; 

 leaves thin, ovate-lanceolate, or oblong-lanceolate, taper-pointed, sharply serrate, 

 smoothish or roughish-pubescent both sides, contracted into short petioles ; scales of 

 the involucre lanceolate-linear, elongated and very taper-pointed, loose, exceed- 

 ing the disk ; rays 12-15. Copses, Penn. ? Ohio to Illinois, and southward. 

 Probably runs into the next. 



17. H. decapetalus, L. Stem branching (3 -6 high), smooth be- 

 low; leaves thin and green both sides, smooth or roughish, ovate, coarsely serrate, 

 pointed, abruptly contracted into margined petioles ; scales of the involucre 

 lanceolate-linear, elongated, loosely spreading, the outer longer than the disk ; 

 rays about 10. Var. FROND6SU8 has the outer involucral scales foliaceous or 

 changing to leaves. Copses and low banks of streams ; common, especially 

 northward. (H. multiflorus, L., is probably , cultivated stale of this.) 



18. H. doronicoides, Lam. Stem stout (5 -9 high), branching, 

 rough-hairy above ; leaves ovate or oblong-lanceolate, pointed, serrate, strongly triple' 

 veined, rough above, smoothish or downy underneath, the lower often heart-shaped 



