VERBENACE^E. (VERVAIN FAMILY.) 299 



shorter than the very small purplish flowers. (V. spuria, L.) Road-sides; 

 scarce. (Nat. from Eu.) 



6. V. l>i'ictcos:i, Michx. Widely spreading or procumbent, hairy ; leaves 

 wedge-lanceolate, cut-pinnatifid or 3-deft, short-petioled ; spikes single, remotely 

 flowered ; bracts large and leafy, the lower pinnatifid, longer than the small purple 

 flowers. River-banks, Wisconsin to Kentucky. Aug. 



2. Anthers of the longer stamens tipped tvitk a glandular appendage. 



7. V. Alible tia, L. Rather hairy, spreading or ascending ; leaves obo- 

 vate-oblong with a wedge-shaped base, 3-cleft and cut or pinnatifid; spikes 

 peduncled, flat-topped in flower ; bracts shorter than the calyx ; flowers showy, 

 light purple. Prairies, from Illinois southward. Also cultivated. July. 



2. LIP PI A, L. (ZAPANIA, Juss.) 



Calyx often flattened, 2-4-toothed, or 2-lipped. Corolla strongly 2-lipped: 

 upper lip notched ; the lower much larger, 3-lobed. Stamens included. Stylo 

 slender : stigma obliquely capitate. Fruit 2-celled, 2-seeded. (Dedicated to 

 Lippi, an Italian naturalist and traveller.) 



1. L. lanceolata, Michx. (FOG-FRUIT.) Procumbent or creeping, 

 roughish, green ; leaves oblanceolate or wedge-spatulate, serrate above ; pedun- 

 cles axillary, slender, bearing solitary closely bracted heads of bluish-white 

 flowers ; calyx 2-cleft, the divisions sharply keeled. (Zapania lanceolata, & Z. 

 nodiflora, N. Amer. authors.) River-banks, W. Pennsylvania to Illinois, and 

 southward. July - Sept. 



3. CALLICARPA, L. CALLICARPA. 



Calyx 4-5-toothed, short. Corolla tubular-bell-shaped, 4-5-lobed, nearly 

 regular. Stamens 4, nearly equal, exserted: anthers opening at the apex. 

 Style slender, thickened upwards. Fruit a small drupe, with 4 nutlets. Shrubs, 

 with scurfy pubescence and small flowers in axillary cymes. (Name formed of 

 KoXXor, beauty, and Kapnos, fruit.) 



1. C. Americana, L. (FRENCH MULBERRY.) Leaves ovate-oblong 

 with a tapering base, toothed, whitish beneath ; calyx obscurely 4-toothed ; 

 fruits small, violet-color. Rich soil, Virginia and southward. May -July. 

 Shrub 3 high. 



4. PHRYMA, L. LOPSEED. 



Calyx cylindrical, 2-lipped; the upper lip of 3 bristle-awl-shaped teeth; the 

 lower shorter, 2-toothed. Corolla 2-lipped ; upper lip notched ; the lower much 

 larger, 3-lobed. Stamens included. Style slender : stigma 2-lobed. Fruit ob- 

 long, 1 -celled ffnd 1 -seeded ! Seed orthotropous. Radicle pointing upwards: 

 cotyledons convolute round their axis. A perennial herb, with slender branch- 

 ing stems, and coarsely toothed ovate leaves, the lower long-petioled ; the small 

 opposite flowers in elongated and slender terminal spikes, reflexed in fruit, and 

 bent close against the common peduncle. Corolla purplish or pale rose-color. 

 (Derivation of the name unknown.) 



