POLEMONIACE^E. (POLEMONIUM FAMILY.) 329 



leaflets; the upper 5 - 7-cleft or cut-toothed, the lobes obtuse; raceme 3-lQ-flow- 

 ered; calyx-lobes linear-oblong, obtuse, becoming spatulate; corolla white OJ'-J' 

 broad), (l) Woods, high mountains of Virginia, and southward. May. 



3. EtTTOCA. (Eutoca,~72. Br.) Seeds (or at least the ovules) several or many, 

 rarely only 3 or 4 on each placenta : corolla usually with small and inconspicuous 

 folds or appendages within, its lobes entire. 



4. P. ]>:n*Yi(lor:i, Pursh. Somewhat hairy, slender, diffusely spreading 

 (3' - 8' high) ; leaves pinnately cleft or the lower divided into 3-7 short lobes ; 

 racemes solitary, loosely 5 - 15-flowered ; pedicels filiform, at length several times 

 longer than the oblong calyx-lobes; corolla bluish or white ('- $' broad) ; pod 

 few-seeded. Shaded banks, Penn. to Virginia and southward. April - June. 



5. P. Franklinii. Soft-hairy; stem erect (6' -15' high), rather stout; 

 leaves pinnately parted into many lanceolate or oblong-linear lobes, which are 

 crowded and often cut-toothed or pinnatifid ; racemes short, dense, crowded into an 

 oblong spike ; calyx-lobes linear : corolla blue ; pod many-seeded. (X) (Eutoca 

 Franklinii, R. Br.) Shore of Lake Superior (Prof. Joy, $-c.); thence north- 

 ward and westward. 



ORDER 80. POLEMOJVIACE^. (POLEMONIUM FAMILY.) 



Herbs, with alternate or opposite leaves, regular 5-merous and 5-androus 

 flowers, the lobes of the corolla convolute (in one tribe imbricated) in the bud, 

 a 3-celled ovary and 3-lobed style; the pod 3-celled, 3-valved, loculicidal,few- 

 many-seeded; the valves usually breaking away from the triangular central 

 column. Seeds amphitropous, the coat frequently mucilaginous when 

 moistened and emitting spiral threads. Embryo straight in the axis of co- 

 pious albumen. Calyx persistent, imbricated in the bud. Corolla with a 

 5-parted border. Anthers introrse. Flowers cymose-panicled. - (Insipid 

 and innocent plants ; many are ornamental in cultivation.) 



TRIBK I. POIjEMONIEJE. Calyx 5-cleft. Corolla -with the lobes convolute in the 

 bud. Filaments filiform, inserted on the tube of the corolla : cells of the anther parallel, 

 opening lengthwise. 



1. POLEMONIUM. Calyx and corolla open-bell-shaped. Filaments slender, equal. 

 2 PHLOX. Calyx narrow. Corolla salver-shaped, with a long tube, including the unequally 

 inserted filaments. 



TBIBB II. DIAPENSIEJE. Calyx of 5 sepals. Corolla with the lobes imbricated in 

 the bud, and with the broad and flat filaments in the sinuses. Anthers with the cells 

 opening transversely. 



3. DIAPENSIA. Anther-cells pointless, opening by an obliquely transverse line. 



4. PYXIDANTHERA. Anther-cells awn-pointed underneath, opening straight across. 



1. POliEMONIUM, Tourn. GREEK VALERIAN. 



Calyx bell-shaped. Stamens equally inserted at the summit of the very short 

 tube of .the open-bell-shaped corolla ; filaments slender, declined, hairy-appen- 

 daged at the base. Pod few - several-seeded. Low, branching herbs, with al 

 28* 



